Speech As A Speech The Influence Of Speech - 727 Words

As speech day approached I hadn’t really given it much thought. I had been very busy that week and my first speech was the last thing on my mind. The day before I was to give my speech I realized it was the next day, I thought I would be more anxious about it than I was. I’ve always enjoyed public speaking in a weird way. Having run for student senate the past two years, I had to make speeches in front of my entire class. The rush of public speaking makes me feel good, it pushes me out of my comfort zone and I love doing that. Any class I can take with real life application is the best in my opinion. I enjoy knowing concretely that this will help me out in the real world once I get a job. Starting out the class I thought I would get more†¦show more content†¦If I had to choose something to change it would be my conclusion. I could have been more creative with it and added a joke or two. Something else I could have done was to add a few things to make it more entertaining. For example, I could have fluctuated my voice and worked better on my inflection and facial expressions. Besides the fact that he went over time by quite a bit, I think that Alejandro’s speech was the best out of all of them. He was a natural when it came to public speaking. It looked like it came easily for him which is a terrific skill to have. He moved around the box a lot, but it was purposeful. He was able to use strong nonverbals such as hand gestures. Alejandro spoke with purpose, didnt stutter and made his speech the most entertaining in my opinion. He was well prepared, maybe a little too prepared because he went over time so much. That is an easy fix and he will improve for next time. I am excited to listen to the rest of his speeches and laugh at all of his jokes in them. At the start of this year I was dreading having to take Oral Communication as a junior. I thought it would be really boring and I didnt think I was going to do well. Having my first speech under my belt I proved myself wrong. I executed my introductory speech well and will continue to enjoy the rush of stepping outside of my comfort zone. I believe public speaking is a useful and important skill to know. I am excited to prepare moreShow MoreRelatedAdolf Hitler s Speech Skills1409 Words   |  6 Pagesthird Reich; giving five thousand public speeches over the course of those twelve years. He used the dismal conditions of the German economy and government; along with his persuasive speech skills to build an empire that will be etched into history forever. It is very likely that, if Adolf Hitler hadn’t possessed the speech skills that he had, he could have never been elected Chancellor of Germany. Which would have reduced the chances of World War II ever happening to almost noth ing. Throughout Hitler’sRead MoreSpeech Is The Major Vehicle Of Human Communication909 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction: Speech is the major vehicle of human communication through which ideas and thoughts are conveyed by the speakers to the listeners. During this process, the conveyed message is heard, understood and the meaning is extracted. Here, it is important to distinguish between Hearing, Listening and Perception. Hearing is the sensation of sound. Sounds produced by a source are transmitted through a medium and into the ears of the listener which converts vibrational energy into neural impulsesRead MoreSinners In The Hands Of An Angry God Analysis788 Words   |  4 PagesPeople in positions of power influence society by making them believe what they are their saying because they are seen as a bigger influence than the other people who aren’t in position of power. In the two passages, the two authors are in a higher position than everyone else, such as, in th e speech, â€Å"Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God† the person telling the speech, John Edwards was the priest of the church. In the speech, â€Å"Speech to the Virginia Convention† the person speaking was Patrick HenryRead MoreUnited States V. Stombaugh991 Words   |  4 Pages104(a)(1), and applicable case law, requests this Court to dismiss all charges and specifications with prejudice for Unlawful Command Influence. BURDEN OF PERSUASION AND BURDEN OF PROOF The Defendant has the initial burden of persuasion on a motion to dismiss for Unlawful Command Influence. See United States v. Biagase, 50 M.J. 143 (1999). Unlawful Command Influence occurs when; (1) a commanding officer admonishes the court or its members in respect to there exercise of their functions. 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Bush can be considered a highly effective speech because it set the foundation of the policy of the US since 2000 to present and perhaps next 15-20 years. The speech started with: â€Å"Today, our fellow citizens, our way of life, our very freedom came under attack in a series of deliberate and deadly terrorist acts.† The general purpose of the speech was to bring US together against the evils that it has faced in the past andRead MoreThe Debate Of Corruption Versus Free Speech1594 Words   |  7 Pagespolarizing issue. For over one hundred years the discussion of individuals and corporations financing campaigns has led to a debate of corruption versus free speech. Is money in politics a corrupting influence that always leads to quid pro quo? Or, is it an issue of allowing individuals to use their money as an extension of their freedom of speech? Recently, campaign finance reform has been a very dynamic issue. With the last major supreme court case Citizens United v. FEC, money in politics has takenRead MoreCritical Analysis of I Have Dream838 Words   |  4 Pagess seminal 1963 speech I Have a Dream, King uses a number of critical thinking processes in order to present his argument. On the steps of the Lincoln Memorial, at the height of the Civil Rights Movement, King delivered a speech that is remembered now as one of the most significant pieces of oratory in the 20th century. His call was for blacks and whites to come together, for blacks to be granted greater freedoms and for America to become a nation of equals. Not only was the speech thought-provoking

Financial statement analysis and report - 932 Words

ACFI 1001 Accounting for Decision Makers – Individual Project (15%) Financial Statement Analysis and Report Objectives Apply theory in practice Conduct analysis of financial statement – to look beyond the numbers Experience formal report writing. REQUIRED: Written report (a soft copy on blackboard via turnitin and printed copy to tutors is compulsory) 1. Obtain the most recent annual report for two companies in any of the industries on the Australian Stock Market (for example, mining, retail, manufacturing, construction, service, transport). The reports should contain at least three years of income statement data and two years of balance sheet data. Use one of the chosen companies as your ‘base company’ and the other†¦show more content†¦11.25 – 12.75 marks: The paper generally is well written but may have minor grammatical or other writing errors or lack smooth transitions. The report addresses the issues specified in the requirements, demonstrates understanding, and focuses mainly on important items, but does not fully synthesize the material being discussed, and/or does not integrate the annual report data with the narrative. 9.75 – 11.25 marks: The paper does not have excessive grammatical or other writing errors. The report addresses the issues specified in the requirements, but demonstrates only moderate understanding, and/or lacks integration. 7.5 – 9.75 marks: The paper does not have excessive grammatical or other writing errors. The report addresses the issues specified in the requirements but demonstrates only minimal understanding of one or more of the issues. 0 – 7.5 marks: The paper fails to meet the basic requirements, has excessive composition errors, and/or fails to demonstrate understanding of the requirements. 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The Answer is: No There is a essential use and limitations of financial ratio analysis, One must keep in mind the following issues when using financial ratios: One of the most important reasons for using financial ratio analysis is comparability and for this, a reference point is required. Usually, financial ratios are compared to historical ratios of the business itself, competitor’s financial ratios or the overall ratios of the industryRead MoreAbercrombie Fitch vs. HM: Financial Analysis848 Words   |  3 PagesFor example, on the HM statement, profit for the year and retained earnings (presumably from prior years) are listed separately, even though they are both forms of retained earnings. The reserves and paid-in capital on the different statements appear to be roughly analogous. Of the two companies, only Abercrombie Fitch has treasury shares. It does not, however, disclose in the notes the reason that it reacquired these shares. 2. The Abercrombie Fitch income statement reveals that for the fiscalRead MoreFinancial Performance of an Organisation over a Five Year Period1587 Words   |  7 PagesCHAPTER 1 TOPIC CHOSEN AND ITS TERMS OF REFERENCE 1.1 THE BUSINESS AND FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF GUINNESS NIGERIA PLC FROM 2006-2008 The financial statement of any enterprise should provide sufficient information to enable individuals assess its profitability, viability and performance in order to enable them make informed economic decisions. Financial and business analysis is the process of identifying the strength and weaknesses of a firm, both financially and otherwise, by properly establishing

Corporate Financial Management - Dividend Policy Sample

Question: Discuss about the Corporate Financial Management for Dividend Policy? Answer: Dividend Policy of a firm has no relevance to the value of the firm. Miller Modigliani 1963 From the above statement from Miller Modigliani (1963), it reveals that value of a firm solely determined from investment decisions as well as policies (Aamer 2013). It is observed by the scholars that specified dividend policy ensures sale of new equity shares. This theory underlies certain assumptions. It is noticed that empirical evidence concerns on dividend policy of particular business organization (Albrecht, Stice and Stice 2011). Most of the scholars and studies suggested owing tax for investors. It needs essential pre-tax returns for higher payout ratio and comparing with low dividend payout stocks. Assumptions First assumptions includes no issuance cost Organization believes that paying issuance costs as well as new securities obtains equity capital at similar costs (Baltazar 2012). Dividend policies enhance special type of information for anticipation purpose for higher earnings (Brigham and Houston 2013). Established share prices hugely affect the dividend policy in the particular theory. Some practitioners presume that dividends signify reliable content information for decision-making process (Arnold et al. 2012).Dividend policy is considered important because equity capital as well as retained equity is expensive in nature. Optimal dividend policy helps in formulating ways for relative cost of retained earnings and equity on external basis. From the viewpoint of Modigliani and Miller, it is argued that existence of investor favours dividend policies (Balla 2012). It mainly identifies altered dividend policy that could lose stakeholders in other entities as well. Most of the investors do not care whether they receive capital gain income or dividend income. Assumptions reveal that there is no issuance cost. Organization should relate from payment of past earnings and dividend retention in the most appropriate way. Dividend payment ensures regular pay of stock in the particular theory. It should find ways in influencing existence of investment policy in an overall manner (Barrow 2011). From the perspective of Miller and Modigliani, organization focuses on investment policy in comparison with dividend policy for the same. On critical analysis, it is noticed that dividend policy ensures existence of investors in shared values(Brigham andDaves 2013). It mainly notes empirical evidence in suggesting changes in regard with dividend policies as well as stock price influence. Firms mostly prefer dividend policies at appropriate way for ensuring stable dividends in the theory. Addition to that, increased On analysis, it reveals that dividends help in conveying authentic information from earning prospects of the firm. Miller and Modigliani theory explains the information on dividend policies as well as influences the share prices in relation to special dividend payments. From Gordon Theory on Dividend Policy, it is revealed that dividend concept states determination of value of business firm. Dividend concept involves current dividends for viewing at the direct implications of overall concepts in an overall manner. It suggests calculation of market firms in solving the issues on dividends faced by Imperial Tobacco. It reveals market value share determining the future dividend policies in an overall manner. It is noticed that market value determinants shares for main perpetual stream in payment of future dividends in the most appropriate way. Walter Model indicates understanding clear definition on cost of capital as well as internal rate of return for the same. It reveals determination of dividend policies for minimization of cost and maximization of profit for smooth functioning of business firm. It reveals concepts that affect the dividend policies in equity and debt policies in an overall manner. It involves various natures of models leading towards maximization of shareholders equity in the most appropriate way. Walter Model gives detailed investigation on mixing of valuation shares on dividend policies in the final investment decisions. It aims at providing various investment opportunities in financing retained earnings in case of external financing of debt as well as equity. It enables maximizing of optimum investment and minimization of cost for the same. On analysis, it is important to compare three theories like MM, Gordon and Walter Model. These theories are important especially in financial management for smooth functioning of business enterprise. It helps in bringing strong relationship on advancement of dividend policies for the same. It is essential for understanding the concept of Walter Model that specifies maximization of owners wealth in various investment policies. As far as Gordon model is concerned, it relates establishment of dividend capitalization for checking the market values of each share. On the contrary, MM theory strictly follows internal and external financing for bringing changes in the business firm. In the real world, dividend policy is relevant to a firm value It is important to indicate a real-life scenario from the company named Imperial Tobacco. This particular business enterprise plans for current dividend policies with the help of increased payout ratios. It enables checking on dividend per share and earnings per share of business firm. The above statement indicates essence of bringing changes for the dividend payments. Most of the investors believe in evaluation of management attributes on matters relating to cash flow and future earnings in particular organization. From the management perspective, it reveals perceived information on profitability aspects of business organization (Davies and Crawford 2012). It includes existing and potential investors for indulging in final decision-making process. Changed dividend policies ensure unambiguous indicators in attainment of future prospects in business enterprise for future analysis purpose. Information on methods on dividend policies includes management presentations on security and annual reports for changed dividend policies(Dyckman, Magee and Pfeiffer 2011). It helps in providing essential signals for the investors on capital structure attributes in an overall manner. From the perspective of investors, it involves dividend payments in the present world scenario. It is noticed that dividend stability builds positive image for particular business organization. Addition to that, company management should have clear understanding on the payment of dividends uncertainty for creation of poor dividend policies. It helps in alienating for potential and existing investors on matters relating to unstable dividend payments (Brigham and Houston 2013). This will greatly influence the investors perceptions for the level of performance presented in financial markets. Scholars claims for sharing values for earnings divisions on matters relating to retention of dividend policies. It mainly imposes related proposition by MM for conducting restrictive assumptions for better understanding of related concepts. Dividend policies helps majority of shareholders in respect to preference dividend policies (Deegan and Unerman 2011). Shareholders face risk in preference divi dends and related promise on future capital gains. It is noticed that consistent dividends helps in providing certain functions for the investors. On critical analysis on MM theory, it reveals reduced dividend policies for viewing at the uncertainty level among the investors. It focuses on making discounted future earnings in relation with business enterprise. It is noticed that shareholders who fails in paying the dividends give rise to huge uncertainty among the potential investors (Dyckman, Magee and Pfeiffer 2011). This particular approach will lead to low shared prices and increased discounted rates. Transaction cost is imposed on the investors and receives capital gains from the cash dividends. From the theory on Miller and Modigliani, it provides enough relevance on the dividend policies. It introduces ways and models for incorporating for dominant determination of facts in a particular business organization (Eun and Resnick 2012). MM theory signifies undertaking sample size of 28 corporate entities in US from the year 1950. It conducts qualitative research and inculcates interviews from CEO and CFO of firms in and around US (Greene and Dince 2012). It is important to consider the fact that established dividend policy will serve as an active factors in present life scenario (Horngren, Harrison and Oliver 2012). From the perspective of managers, they have an idea on stable dividends and reduced negative perceptions from the investors point of view. Dividend payments and retained earnings ensure adding up the by-product from the main dividend policies, which requires majority of shareholders. It involves major dividend policies as an active determinant for further research ( Kapil 2011). It is advisable that managers should have faith in investors as well as dividend pattern. It revolves around the market put premiums for stable dividend policies for the same. On critical analysis, it is judged that special payouts aim at reducing cash as well as cash equivalents (Libby, Libby and Short 2011). It analyses the payout ratio and compares it with balance sheet figures. As far as special dividends are concerned, it occurs from payouts and related cash attributes. It mainly involves overvalued stock for increased EPS as well as making the required changes in the business organization (Madura 2012). Miller and Modigliani gave the concept on dividend policy and investment policies that mainly affects the working of a particular business organization. This particular theory fails to hold true sense of attributes in dividend policies (Qu and Yang 2012). However, it gives rise to negative ramifications on matters relating to cash flow of an entity. Special dividends influence the firm value either positively or negatively. It varies with consisting payouts from the early investors. Derivation of operating cash flow involves related recouping sections in final investment process for effective decision-making in an overall manner (Rothenberger and Siems 2012). It should focus on analysing the ability of the firm for operation of cash investment for future research analysis. It is noted that special dividends ensures cash achievement from related debt structure affecting entire business organization (Schiff and Lewin 2012). Cash flow operations of the firm should possess enough capacit y for covering interest payments (Schroeder, Clark and Cathey 2011). It should stop worrying from the financial distress of the investors in the most appropriate form Business and Financial Risks faced by Imperial Tobacco Financial Market Risk It is important to understand the fact that Imperial Tobacco gets affected by significant level of committed debt, bank loan markets, and capital markets debt obligations. It requires efficient financing for several debt policies and checking the funds availability in an overall manner. It checks reliability of funds from various bank counterparties for future business activities. Falling credit ratings is one of the financial market risk that needs proper consideration from Imperial Tobacco. Cost of committed funds requires rising cost in an overall manner. It implies future trade funding affecting rising debts issues in case of breath funders in the near future. It is noticed that debt rise with 44% in fixed levels interest in case of high funding costs. Addition to that, Imperial Tobacco faces cash outflows issues in an overall manner. From the annual report, it is evident to gather facts on risk faced by Imperial Tobacco. This risk mainly includes business and financial risk that needs consideration on urgent basis (Spiceland, Thomas and Herrmann 2011). Most of the risk does not provide limitations for social risks, environmental risks and financial risks for the same. It involves illegal circulation of tobacco products and affects the tobacco industry on an adverse manner (Wink and Corradino 2011). It should ensure conducting anti-social campaigns with the help of health authorities that positively affects the policy makers in the near future. Potential risk brings discouragement from the client perspective and influences the behaviour patterns concerning Imperial Tobacco (Balla 2012). It should involve in anti-tobacco advertisements because it will help in bringing positive attitude from the individuals. Advertisements mainly focus on bringing awareness among public that smoking is unpleasant and considered unhe althy constraints (Albrecht, Stice and Stice 2011). It should be emphasis on matters that smoking in public places should be prohibited strictly by the public. It is important to consider the fact that company management focus on acknowledging for understanding the present level of uncertainty. It experiences various form of financial markets for bringing out the positive attributes from the particular business organization. Counterfeiting issues are noticed especially in the Nigeria markets (Aamer 2013). It is noticed by the people that replicated companys offers products that mainly affects the customer extension process. It helps in differentiating between genuine and illegal products in business activities. It is noted that Rogue importers uses Rizler papers for the purpose of increase target market in Senegal. It should emphasis mainly on counterfeit products that includes booklets. It helps in keeping low priced products of Imperial Tobacco (Wink and Corradino 2011). Problems arise because of showing higher availability of products in major cities and towns that brings saturation point in along fake products of Imperial Tobacco. The a bove analysed problem hampers the profitability ratio and reduced performance level concerning business organization. Imperial Tobacco faces issues with illicit trades because it hugely affects the tobacco sectors. It is noticed that sale of illicit whites enhances counterfeit products in providing related competition especially for the market condition process (Spiceland, Thomas and Herrmann 2011). It emphasizes mainly on the domestic products for duly payment free products after viewing at the present business condition. Market shares include stock prices for analysing purpose for Imperial Tobacco. These approaches will bring enlightenment on mitigating problems especially for company officials. It involves government authorities that address the problems for future analysis purpose. It is important to consider the fact that several issues intensifies on related illegal Chine products (Scott 2011). This put emphasis on the coupling operational activities at Imperial Tobacco. It involves dedicating enforcement actions for the related counterfeit products attributes in an overall manner. Partnership approach serves as a mitigating tool for briefing the issues in faster ways (Schroeder, Clark and Cathey, 2011). It mainly enhances on excise duty and raise public funding process as well as private control agendas in the most appropriate way. Recent Financial Performance of Imperial Tobacco Profitability Ratio Imperial Tobacco Profitability Ratio Gross Margin Ratio 2014 2015 Gross Margin $18,036,883 $20,587,576 Net Sales $21,864,478 $25,276,809 82.49400237 81.44847714 Profit Margin 2014 2015 Net Income $1,456,883 $1,877,741 Net Sales $21,864,478 $25,276,809 6.663241629 7.428710641 Return on Assets 2014 2015 Net Income $1,456,883 $1,877,741 Average Total Assets $16,902,088 $20,421,712 0.086195445 0.091948266 It is noticed from the above table, Imperial Tobacco needs improvement in net profit ratio because it is too less for future business activities. Gross margin ratio arrives 82% in the year 2014 and 81% in the year 2015.This particular ratio implies comparing gross margin with net sales. High gross margin ratio helps in measuring selling of inventory for smooth functioning of business enterprise. Shareholders Equity of Imperial Tobacco Return on Equity 2014 2015 Net Income $1,456,883 $1,877,741 Shareholder's Equity $2,814,518 $4,265,359 0.517631438 0.440230471 Return on equity ratio is one of the indicators that help in equity financing for fund operations as well as future growth. The above table signifies that shareholder equity increases with proper allocation of equity shares in an overall manner. From the current annual report on Imperial Tobacco, it is noted special disclosures by the Finance Director for achievement of future outcomes of business activities. It mainly possesses enough capacity in earning revenues for future analysis purpose (Schiff and Lewin 2012). Imperial Tobacco indicates constant positive financial performance that manages with the cash effectively and cost management in an overall manner. It is revealed from the year 2013 that net revenue reduced with one percent from excessive sale of tobacco products. It emphasis mainly on the net volume reduction and seven percent offset prices for bringing net worth of Imperial Tobacco (Rothenberger and Siems 2012). From the present operating environment, logistics distribution fees enable reduction with five percent especially from economic headwinds especially from European region for future analysis purpose. Operating profits generates increase with one percent for bringing uniformity in the business activities for the same (Qu and Yang 2012). Favourable financial performance reflects on matters relating with generation of net revenue especially in the emerging markets. Realization on profit gains establishes strong market in Russia and USA. On financial analysis, it is noticed that market performance hugely affects constant decline in net revenue and volume especially in Spain. Illicit trade activities influences increased custom duty for future research purpose (Madura 2012). It effectively brings out the changed duty noticed from the deregulation markets in Morocco. Imperial Tobacco believes in preparation of financial statements for various undergoing concern in an overall manner. It puts emphasis on the historical cost convention policies for conduction of act recognised in the year 2006 (Libby, Libby and Short 2011). In accordance with 408 of companies act, it helps in establishing separate income statement from related business organization in the near future. Investments Imperial Tobacco invests in certain attributes from nearest subsidiaries. It mainly indicates ways for provisions for future analysis purpose(Leo et al. 2012) Financial Instruments Imperial Tobacco conducts usage of non-derivative financial instruments that includes debtors. It helps in enhancing fair values as well as amortization. It serves the purpose for allocation of costs in related interest method rates in the most appropriate way (Kapil 2011). It emphasizes on impairment on related accounts receivable figures generated from the annual reports of Imperial Tobacco. Profit for the year Imperial Tobacco involves in calculating profits for the current financial year. It aims at profit maximization with cost minimization in business activities (Horngren, Harrison and Oliver 2012). Financial statement analysis process the audit fee charge at 0.4 million from the past financial years. Treasury shares Imperial Tobacco conducts share purchasing from the buyback program as well as detainment of shareholders (Horngren 2013). It mainly deducts funds for analysing the basic attributes of shares traded in the open markets. Purchase groups revolve around 867000 shares that cost 182 million on yearly basis. Imperial Tobacco believes in creation of shared values (Grieve 2013). It is possible by conducting meetings and strict criteria for main acquisition in an overall manner. Buyback program helps in finding suitable variations for established business activities. It is important to consider the fact that company puts emphasis on special dividend policies especially for supply funds in way of single instalments (Greene and Dince 2012). Management should evaluate variable options considering disclosure of business activities and generation of supply funds on timely basis. Debt capacity of the business and sources of financing available to Imperial Tobacco 2012 2013 2014 2015 Long-term Debt $4,028,538 $5,011,640 $5,488,591 $8,299,328 Total Equity $1,900,207 $2,972,081 $1,664,741 $2,023,128 Debt/ Debt+ Equity $0.68 $0.63 $0.77 $0.80 Imperial Tobacco should make ways in acquisition of equity shares as well as decreased debt obligations for future business activities. In the financial years, it is noticed increased balance amount of debt and equity required for smooth functioning of business enterprise. Imperial Tobacco shows consistent increase in the debt capacity from the year 2008. This particular company reveals attribution in form of acquisition of Atladis in the year 2007. It is noticed that there was mandatory undertaking of large borrowings figures from the annual reports of Imperial Tobacco. It mainly involves debt accumulation figures for bringing subsequent variation from the share values of Imperial Tobacco (Gapenski and Pink 2012). Addition to that, it is revealed from annual report figures that Imperial Tobacco faces rapid decrease from the debt figures on faster pace. Main sources of financing for Imperial Tobacco put emphasis on the sale of shares. This particular concept of financing brings creativity for shared values with shareholders for future analysis purpose. Another source of financing includes sale derivation making the necessary diverse brands in the most appropriate form (Dyckman, Magee and Pfeiffer 2011). It is important to understand the fact that market management reveals good profit generation. Most of the companies believe in positive returns for attainment of future growth on various operational ways. Product markets include supply of fine tobacco, smokeless tobacco, paper and cigar. Generation of diverse brands involves recording of positive returns at 12% on total tobacco revenue (Deegan and Unerman 2011). Addition to that, Imperial Tobacco commits various policies in way of adequate funding as well as providing bank facilities for the same. It helps in meeting various borrowing needs especially in peak season. Acquisition of a ssets mainly revolves around brand recognition for entering in the committed facilities for research purpose(Davies and Crawford 2012). Credit facilities and term loans mainly presumes the financial performance of Imperial Tobacco. Recommendation on an optimal capital mix of Imperial Tobacco It is advisable for Imperial Tobacco for conducting best optimal mix condition for smooth functioning of business enterprise. Optimal mix is an ideal condition whereby companys shares maximized values in their business activities (Brooks 2013). Imperial Tobacco should consider ways in offering balanced debt for bringing out ranges of equities as well as reduced debt for the same. It mainly involves in minimization on cost of capital and bringing true essence of business practices. Imperial Tobacco should stress on attainment of capital structure for future analysis purpose. It helps in ensuring great deal of attention for bringing changed pattern for final course of action (Brigham and Houston 2013). This particular company should believe in maximizing shared values from the point of view of the shareholders for viewing at the operational functions. It should emphasis on value processing equity and reduction in debt for attainment of goals and objectives of Imperial Tobacco. Optimal capital mix will help in reduced equity pattern among the potential investors for return availability in the near future (Brigham and Daves 2013). Creation of favourable image helps in bringing innovative perceptions of the investors for Imperial Tobacco. It should analyse for open market policies and adjust with earnings per share in an overall manner. It is advisable for Imperial Tobacco for engaging entirely on cash generation and harbours responsibilities as far as possible (Berry 2011). It should ensure reduced debt amount for the purpose of consulting ways for smooth functioning of the business enterprise. This particular company should find effective mix of equity for maintaining structured decision-making process in the most appropriate way (Bekaert and Hodrick 2012). It should relate with constant dividend policies for viewing at the dividend payout ratios for the same. At the end, debt and equity should be balanced for checking dividend policies in an overall manner. Calculation reveals Imperial Tobacco is capable of handling future dividend fluctuations faced by the company. Reference List Aamer, M. (2013).Microsoft Dynamics AX 2012 Financial Management. Packt Publishing. Albrecht, W., Stice, E. and Stice, J. (2011).Financial accounting. Mason, OH: Thomson/South-Western. Arnold, G. (2012).Corporate financial management. Balla, D. (2012).CLEP financial accounting. Piscataway, NJ.: Research Education Association. Baltazar, E. (2012).International GAAP 2012. Chichester, West Sussex, U.K.: John Wiley Sons. Barrow, C. (2011).Practical financial management. London: Kogan Page. Bekaert, G. and Hodrick, R. (2012).International financial management. Boston: Pearson. Berry, L. (2011).Financial accounting demystified. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill. Brigham, E. and Daves, P. (2013).Intermediate financial management.. Mason, Ohio: South-Western. Brigham, E. and Houston, J. (2013).Fundamentals of financial management. Mason, Ohio: South-Western. Brooks, R. (2013).Financial management. Boston: Pearson. Davies, T. and Crawford, I. (2012).Financial accounting. Harlow, England: Pearson. Deegan, C. and Unerman, J. (2011).Financial accounting theory. Maidenhead, Berkshire: McGraw Hill Education. Dyckman, T., Magee, R. and Pfeiffer, G. (2011).Financial accounting. [Westmont, Ill.]: Cambridge Business Publishers. Eun, C. and Resnick, B. (2012).International financial management. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill. Gapenski, L. and Pink, G. (2012).Understanding healthcare financial management. Chicago: Health Administration Press. Greene, M. and Dince, R. (2012).Personal financial management. Cincinnati: South-Western Pub. Co. Grieve, I. (2013).Microsoft Dynamics GP 2013 financial management. Birmingham, UK: Packt Pub. Horngren, C. (2013).Financial accounting. Frenchs Forest, N.S.W.: Pearson Australia Group. Horngren, C., Harrison, W. and Oliver, M. (2012).Financial managerial accounting. Upper Saddle River, N.J.: Pearson Prentice Hall. Kapil, S. (2011).Financial management. Noida, India: Pearson. Leo, K., Knapp, J., McGowan, S. and Sweeting, J. (2012).Company accounting. Libby, R., Libby, P. and Short, D. (2011).Financial accounting. New York: McGraw-Hill/Irwin. Madura, J. (2012).International financial management. Mason, OH: South-Western, Cengage Learning. Qu, X. and Yang, Y. (2012).Information and business intelligence. Berlin: Springer. Rothenberger, S. and Siems, F. (2012).Pricing perspectives. Basingstoke, UK: Palgrave Macmillan. Schiff, M. and Lewin, A. (2012).Behavioral aspects of accounting. Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice-Hall. Schroeder, R., Clark, M. and Cathey, J. (2011).Financial accounting theory and analysis. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley. Scott, W. (2011).Financial accounting theory. Toronto, Ont.: Pearson Canada. Spiceland, J., Thomas, W. and Herrmann, D. (2011).Financial accounting. New York: McGraw-Hill/Irwin. Wink, G. and Corradino, L. (2011).Intermediate accounting demystified. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill.

Business Workplace Undesirable Workplace

Question: Describe about the Business Workplace of Undesirable Workplace. Answer: 1: Legislation Explanation Improvement of the energy efficiency in the office Unnecessary consumption of energy is absolutely undesirable in any workplace. It not only implies a huge expense to be incurred by the organization on electricity or water supply bills, but also has a disastrous impact on the environment. It is important to create awareness among the employees about the importance of switching off power, as and when their working hours are over, or to turn off the tap after use (Yun et al. 2013). Recycling the products being used Buying a new product not only implies a huge expense on part of the organization, but it also leads to the creation of dumped wastes, and land pollution. It is important to reduce the purchase of fresh papers, and to reuse the other side of the used papers. Similarly, disposable coffee cups can be substituted by coffee mugs. In a nutshell, anything and everything whose use contaminates the land and soli, has to be prohibited in the workplace. In case the use cannot be stopped, overuse of the same has to be prevented (Chapman 2013). 2: Internal Source of Information: Explanation An inquiry into the current procedures followed in the workplace for energy efficiency In order to frame a new sustainability policy, the organization will be required to have detailed knowledge about the procedures being followed at present. Information has to be collected regarding the habits and activities of each of the employees as far as the issue of energy efficiency is concerned. Gathering information from the working staffs The employees can be asked about their opinion regarding the adoption of eco-friendly policies in workplaces. Inquiry should also be made regarding the efficient use of electricity and water in the workplace (Gahan et al. 2014). Asking the HR to introduce training method or frame new policy The Human Resource Manager can be asked to introduce new policies, and to create awareness among the employees about the need to go green. External Source of Information Explanation Government reports An overview of the government reports helps in understanding the newest technology that can increase energy efficiency at workplace. Newspapers and reports An in-depth study of the newspapers articles and journals is helpful in enlightening the management about the needs, benefits and methods of doing sustainable business. Consumers Consumers should be asked via survey, as to how far they are influenced to purchase products and avail service from an organization that practices sustainability (Cummings and Worley 2014). 3: Developing the sustainability policy and procedure is in itself a challenging task, and required a well-structured approach. First of all, it is important to understand the scope of the sustainable policy, and the extent to which it is achievable. Before the implementation of the policy, it is important to create awareness among the working staffs regarding the benefits and emerging needs of a sustainable environment. Unless they are being trained, the employees cannot be expected to follow the guidelines (Carayannis et al. 2015). Asking the employees to adopt a new attitude may take time, and hence the prospect of the policy should be communicated out to the stakeholders. It is not only sufficient to execute the plan, but at the end, the policy must be reviewed and monitored to understand the extent to which it is being achieved over a given period of time. 4: Barriers Strategies Financial barriers The adoption of sustainable practices in business will be requiring a huge amount of investment. A lump sum of money is required for the adoption of the innovative, technologically advanced energy saving devices, such as 5 stars rated energy saving lights, or water-saving gadgets. The cost incurred for sustainability can be partially added to the price of the product, and partially it can be incurred by the organization. Proper promotion has to be done in order to make the consumers aware about the sustainable methods of business are adopted by the organization, as it will help in attracting greater number of consumers, even if the cost of the products is high (Carroll and Buchholtz 2014). Social barrier Lack of awareness among the employees can be a major barrier in the process of sustainable business practice, and hence sufficient training should be provided to the employees. Placards and stickers can also be used inside the workplace, to create awareness. Poor monitoring system A committee has to be set up to track the progress, and to understand the areas that require special attention in future. A policy not well-monitored implies huge investment, yielding no benefits at the end of the day. Hence, a proper monitoring and evaluation of the policies should be done by the committee (Ramirez 2012). 1: The information has been gathered from both external sources as well as internal sources. As far as the internal source of information is concerned, it was being observed that there is a sort of casual indifference common among most of the employees regarding the need of conducting sustainable business. The operators informed that most of the employees tend to keep the lights switched on, before leaving the workplace, and even dump papers, food packets, and polyethylene inside the office. Hence, the HR manager has been consulted regarding the methods and policies that can be used to prohibit these kinds of careless acts inside the workplace. Further, recent journal articles and magazines have been used to understand the variety of methods that can be adopted to improve energy efficiency in the office. 1.2: The sustainability policies are to be introduced in the workplace has to be followed by each of the employees, irrespective of the designation he is holding. The policies are meant to reduce the contamination of environment, and the overuse of energy, and hence the organization will follow the energy efficient methods. Each staff will receive training and will be participating in the seminars emphasizing the importance of sustainable business practice. Once the training is over, anyone violating the norms will be penalized, while rewards and recognition will be offered for the best sustainable practice in the organization (Leonard 2013). 1.3: The policies are as follows: Papers have to be reused and recycled, and fresh papers should not be used unless both sides of the paper are being used. Each light should be switched off once the working hour is over. Once in a month, a new tree will be planted around the locality of the office. Each employee has to participate in the environmental training programs and awareness creating seminars to be held once in two months (Smith 2012). 1.4: In order to implement the above policies, the organization needs to conduct a meeting with the employees to discuss the importance and needs of sustainable business practices. Even after adequate training, most of the employees may fail to abide by the guidelines of energy consumption. Hence, the organization must invest for purchasing energy saving electrical devices and water saving taps. Further, rewards should be offered annually to recognize an employee for the maximum use of eco-friendly office products (Benn et al. 2014). 2: The employees are being requested to be aware of the importance of reduction of carbon footprint of the organization, as it not only reduces the operating cost of the organization, but also fetches it greater recognition. The employees should get habituated with the use of and LED bulbs instead of the incandescent bulbs. An employee in each team will be entrusted with the duty of monitoring the habit of the team members in switching off every electric device at the end of the day. The employees are being encouraged to work at least a day in a month from home will help in reducing the emission (Werbach 2013). 3: It was being discovered that most of the employees were being found to stay on track, and trying their best to reduce the carbon footprint of the organization. However, many employees were not much acquainted with the methods of using the water-saving gadgets. After the training sessions, greater awareness about the sustainability benefits was being noticed among the employees. The market differentiation achieved through the adoption of sustainable business practices increased the employee satisfaction. Further, there was a remarkable reduction in the electricity bills at the end of each month. 4.1 Stakeholders (Managers): Some of the employees are not taking the matter seriously, and are not willing to engage in sustainability programs, such as Plant a tree or conserve water. Feedback: Dear Sir, It is important for the organization to offer greater recognition to the employees for their efforts invested in sustainable business practice. If necessary, participating in the seminars and awareness creating workshops will be made mandatory. 4.2 Cost is a huge issue as primarily the organization has to spend a considerable sum of money for purchasing the energy saving devices or training the employees. Without a regulatory body, it is difficult to supervise and monitor the sustainability initiatives. There is a lack of proper control and administration for ensuring that the policies are being properly followed in each day. 4.3: The expense incurred is a one-time investment, and hence it is needless to focus much on cost, as in the long term, it will develop the brand recognition of the organization. The introduction of incentives will be used for motivating the employees to follow the policies daily. Finally, a regulatory body will be set up, that will be help in evaluating the performance of the employees, as far as the sustainable business practice is concerned (Florea et al. 2013). Reference List: Benn, S., Dunphy, D. and Griffiths, A., 2014.Organizational change for corporate sustainability. Routledge. Carayannis, E.G., Sindakis, S. and Walter, C., 2015. Business model innovation as lever of organizational sustainability.The Journal of Technology Transfer,40(1), pp.85-104. Carroll, A.B. and Buchholtz, A.K., 2014.Business and society: Ethics, sustainability, and stakeholder management. Nelson Education. Chapman, J., 2013.Working towards sustainability: exploring the workplace as a site for pro-environmental behavioural change(Doctoral dissertation, Routledge). Cummings, T.G. and Worley, C.G., 2014.Organization development and change. Cengage learning. Florea, L., Cheung, Y.H. and Herndon, N.C., 2013. For all good reasons: Role of values in organizational sustainability.Journal of Business Ethics,114(3), pp.393-408. Gahan, P., Sievewright, B. and Evans, P., 2014. Workplace Health and Safety, Business Productivity And Sustainability.A Report Prepared for Safe Work Australia. Centre for Workplace Leadership. Leonard, P., 2013. Changing organizational space: Green? Or lean and mean?.Sociology,47(2), pp.333-349. Ramirez, G.A., 2012. Sustainable development: paradoxes, misunderstandings and learning organizations.The Learning Organization,19(1), pp.58-76. Smith, P.A., 2012. The importance of organizational learning for organizational sustainability.The Learning Organization,19(1), pp.4-10. Werbach, A., 2013.Strategy for sustainability: A business manifesto. Harvard Business Press. Yun, R., Scupelli, P., Aziz, A. and Loftness, V., 2013, April. Sustainability in the workplace: nine intervention techniques for behavior change. InInternational Conference on Persuasive Technology(pp. 253-265). Springer Berlin Heidelberg.