Living and Dying by the Sword (or) The Autonomy and Responsibility of P

Living and Dying by the Sword (or) The Autonomy and Responsibility of Paranoia Introduction The question is a common one(a). Does an unmarried have the right to yell, Fire in a crowded theater? The implications are not as simple. If one answers, no, then one is, in order saying that the constitutional right to free speech is not entirely correct. If one answers, yes, then one is saying that is perfectly O.K. to an individual to be delegated the situation to create mass hysteria. However, there is another side to this question. If an individual is permitted to yell fire, as perhaps one would be in a Lockian state of nature, one is as likely to be trampled in the ensuing hysteria as everyone else is. This situation, while quaint and hypothetical, does have its counterparts in history. The question of how much power ought an individual be allowed has been one that has been addressed by governments throughout the ages. The result of this power being abused has also been addressed throughout history, but not by governments, by the fates of those individuals who have abused that power. One result of power being abused is the creation of a kind of hysteria in a high society that revolves around that individual who has created it. That hysteria also has the potential to turn on its progenitor and crush him in the ensuing stampede. Historically, this is the case of Maximilien Robespierre and Joseph McCarthy. Both men, in their bear rights, created a sort of social hysteria, a hysteria that for each resulted in a social stampede. These stampedes ended up crushing these men who created them in the crazy house and confusion that ensued. The question of these two men faced ... ...s, The Life and Times of Joe McCarthy 6. Buckley, et al., McCarthy and His Enemies 7. Eagan, Maximilien Robespierre Nationalist Dictator 8. Buckley, et al., McCarthy and His Enemies 9. Feuerlicht, Joe McCarthy and McCarthyi sm, The Hate That Haunts America Bibliography - Belloc, Hilaire. Robespierre, A Study. G.P. Putnam and Sons. New York. 1927. - Buckley, William F. and Bozell, L. Brent. McCarthy and His Enemies The Record and its Meaning. atomic number 1 Regnery Company. Chicago. 1954. - Eagan, James Michael. Maximilien Robespierre, Nationalist Dictator. AMS Press. New York. 1983. - Feuerlicht, Roberta Strauss. McCarthy and McCarthism, The Hate that Haunts America. McGraw-Hill Book Company. New York. 1972. - Reeves, Thomas C. The Life and Times of Joe McCarthy. Stein and Day Publishers. New York. 1982.

Faraday Essay -- Science, Inventions

According to the author of this obituary, what aspects of Faradays life and work contributed to his reputation? How does the indicate presented in the obituary compare to the picture presented in Book 1, Chapter 4? There are 2 questions to answer for this TMA. To answer the first question maven needs to issue the definition of genius the estimation in which a person or thing is generally held opinion,(E. Dictionary, 2006). It is also necessary to know what in life and work contributed to his reputation. The second question, one needs to understand what it means to Compare to regard or represent as analogues or similar liken, (E.Dictionary, 2006). It is also necessary to examine and compare the two pictures.The picture created of the life and work from the obituary, in The Times, 28 August 1867, p.7,(Assignment Book, 2008), is a very obscure one. An individual reading this extract would find it difficult to know exactly what Michael Faraday had invented, or discovered. There is no exact knowledge, no mention of creation, nothing to indicate unique developments ...

macbeth translation Essay -- essays research papers

Scene i Play opens on eerie, macabre note in "an open place," where we see the three witches, the "weird sisters." In a twelve lines, they announce their evil nature by saying "Fair is foul,and foul is fair/Hover through the fog and the filthy air," and their intention to meet with Macbeth at a time the "hurly-burly" of a battle between the forces loyal to the King Duncan (led by Macbeth) and a rebels army (led by the current Thane of Cawdor) comes to an end. (Jump to the text of constitute I, Scene i) Scene ii At the camp of the Scottish King Duncan, a wounded officer tells the king and his son, Malcolm, about the heroism of Macbeth and his friend Banquo in the fight against the rebels. News concisely arrives that the battle has now been won. Duncan orders the execution of the captured Thane of Cawdor and then transfers this title and estate to Macbeth, the virgin Thane of Cawdor.(Jump to the text of act as I, Scene ii)Scene iii Set on a heath, the three witches coven together again. They brag about their unnatural deeds and their powers over the supernatural world. Macbeth and Banquo appear on what Macbeth describes as an unusually, "foul and fair" day. The three witches announce that Macbeth will become Thane of Cawdor and ultimately king of Scotland, and that his cohort Banquo will never rule. Macbeth pleads with them for more information about his future, but they vanish. Two of the kings men (Rosse and Angus) tell Macbeth about his elevation to the position of Thane of Cawdor. Macbeth and Banquo are taken aback by the accuracy of the witches prediction. For his part, Macbeth is by now inclined to believe that it is his fortune to become king. (Jump to the text of Act I, Scene iii)Scene iv At Duncans castle, the king, Malcolm and another of the kings sons, Donalbain, greet Macbeth and Banquo. Duncan announces that he will visit Macbeth at the new Thanes castle near Inverness, and then call his oldest son Mal colm as successor to the throne. Macbeth says that he will go to Inverness in advance to prepare for the kings arrival. But in a stage aside, Macbeth speculates that Malcolm is an additional bulwark to his attainment of the throne as prophesied by the witches. (Jump to the text of Act I, Scene iv)Scene v At Macbeths Inverness castle, Lady Macbeth reads a letter from her husband, in which he convey... ...ane. Macbeth realizes what this means in terms of the prophecies, but vows to fight on, still assured that no man born of woman can kill him. (Jump to the text of Act V, Scene v)Scene vi Malcolm, Macduff and a lord of their party, Siward, prepare to assault the walls of Macbeths castle. (Jump to the text of Act V, Scene vi)Scene vii Macbeth appears in armor and kills Siward. He encounters Macduff and the two duel throughout the remainder of the scene. (Jump to the text of Act V, Scene vii)Scene viii As the fight between them continues, Macduff tells Macbeth that he is not a "na tural" product of his mothers womb, that he was prematurely ripped from it and (technically) is "not of woman born." Macbeth faces the challenge bravely, telling his foe to "Lay on, Macduff." Macduff does just that and kills Macbeth. Macduff appears carrying Macbeths severed head and hails Malcolm as the new king of Scotland. Malcolm says that when he is crowned, he will make Macduff and his supporters Earls of the realm as they all celebrate the triumph over Macbeth, Lady Macbeth and the evil that they wrought in Scotland. (Jump to the text of Act V, Scene viii)

Shirley Jacksons The Lottery and Albert Camus The Guest :: essays research papers

Two great works known for irony, in one a great author, Albert Camus, creates a masterpiece and in the other, a masterpiece creates a great author, Shirley Jackson. Camus had been known to the world and his works had been studied purge without the presence of lhote or known as The Guest, but Shirley Jackson was a nobody till she wrote The Lottery and stunned the world.Both works are studied as pieces of irony but I believe both to be great works in other, with a twist of irony in the conclusion, although, worth mentioning, the ironies both serve to the other purpose rather than the plane simple sake of irony.The Guest, a pen and paper advert for Paul Sartres Existentialism, carries traces of this thought throughout, while, The Lottery, macrocosm a symbolic society questioner, with its many symbols undermines the American society. But both short stories carry within them even much, they talk of breaking the norms, they speak of minorities, freehand up, and waste of life.The Exis tentialists say man is free to choose yet the quality and having to choose is inevitable and this is seen in The Guest where the Arab is forced into Darus life so thrusting upon him the crossroad of what to do with the Arab, either turn him in or let him go. In Existentialist belief due to the exact same choice man is always anxious and hesitant, not knowing whether his choice is proper or not, is it accepted by others or not, and this is seen so clearly again by the simple repetition of the word hesitation and its other forms in the story1.The orders? Im not Daru hesitated A choice forced upon him2.He served Balducci more tea, hesitated, the Hesitation before the person forcing the situation upon him3.The old gendarme hesitated. Its up to you Hesitation while expressing choice4.The Arab hesitated, then bit into Hesitation before even lifes inevitables such as eating5.In the classroom, before going out, he hesitated a second Hesitation before making a choice6.Looked hesitantly at the motionless Arab Hesitation before the source of choice7.Daru hesitated. The sun rather high Hesitant look at lifeIn the end Daru tries to get out of choosing by putting responsibility of the choice on the Arab but this in itself is again choosing.Existentialist beliefs express the predicament in life and again is shown by Daru not being able to decide what to do with the Arab, whether to go against his country, and let the Arab free to choose, or go against his morals, and turn him in, and all life comes to the crossroad dilemma between freedom and prison for the Arab.

Frankenstein Essay -- English Literature

FrankensteinFrankenstein was written by Mary Shelly. We can tell by Mary Shellys endure ground, were she has incorporated just about of her social experiencesin to her novel. Mary was the daughter of an anarchist father (WilliamGodwin) and a feminist mother (Mary Wollstonecraft). In todays termsthis could be thought as a wild upbringing. Mary grew up in anenvironment that suggested she needed to question the way society was universe run.Marys mother died ten days after giving birth to her, an act thatMarys father was never quick to exculpate in fact he blamed Mary forhis wifes death and this often forced Mary to attempt to take herplace. This was often in the form of sitting on literary discussionsand meeting her fathers estranged guests. At the age of 17 Mary wouldoften write at her mothers grave side at St Pancras Churchyard inLondon where the couple had married. Mary includes her fascinationwith death into Frankenstein. An example is, in chapter 24 pages 217Victor says as night approached, I found myself at the entrance tothe cemetery. His random wonderings have led him to be with his deadfamily, where he feels alone and peradventure wants to join them. It wasthrough Marys fascination with the cemetery that she met her soon tobe husband, the poet Percy Bysshe Shelly. He followed her there uponher fathers instruction and declared his make do for her it was tobecome their meeting place. In the novel Mary uses the cemeteries afew times, when Victor goes to the cemetery to collect dead bodies tocreate his monster.There are understandably some strategic dates in the life of Mary Shelly thatno doubt influence the subject matter of the novel. In 1805 there wasthe Napoleonic Wars lasting unti... ... experience. Thisbecomes important when we assess her bohemian lifestyle living a lifethat is almost a work of art. She wrapped her novel with images of theliberating power of art and portrayed an wonder of nature at itsmost impressive.There is a sense of fear and fascination with the creature. He is aman with abnormal strength he has a face full of scars and togethergives people a sense of fear when they see him. The people are scaredof him and declare him as being some sort evil, so immediately see himas being a threat to them and instinctively attack him. This makes thereaders feel sorry for the creature and keeps the reader delay forwhat he will do when all mankind wants to kill him. Mary uses imageryand nature to reflect this. She uses the weather to show how he isfeeling, like when he first runs away and it is raining heavily.

Frankenstein Essay -- English Literature

FrankensteinFrankenstein was written by bloody shame Shelly. We can tell by bloody shame Shellysback ground, were she has incorporated some of her social experiencesin to her novel. bloody shame was the daughter of an anarchist father (WilliamGodwin) and a feminist mother (bloody shame Wollstonecraft). In todays termsthis could be thought as a enraged upbringing. Mary grew up in anenvironment that suggested she needed to question the way society wasbeing run.Marys mother died ten long time after giving birth to her, an act thatMarys father was never quick to forgive in fact he blamed Mary forhis wifes death and this often forced Mary to attempt to take herplace. This was often in the form of sitting on literary discussionsand showdown her fathers estranged guests. At the age of 17 Mary wouldoften write at her mothers grave side at St Pancras Churchyard inLondon where the couple had married. Mary includes her fascinationwith death into Frankenstein. An example is, in chapter 24 pag es 217Victor says as night approached, I found myself at the entrance tothe cemetery. His random wonderings have led him to be with his deadfamily, where he feels alone and maybe wants to join them. It wasthrough Marys fascination with the cemetery that she met her soon tobe husband, the poet Percy Bysshe Shelly. He followed her there uponher fathers instruction and declared his love for her it was tobecome their meeting place. In the novel Mary uses the cemeteries afew times, when Victor goes to the cemetery to collect dead bodies tocreate his monster.There are clearly some important dates in the life of Mary Shelly thatno doubt influence the subject matter of the novel. In 1805 there wasthe Napoleonic Wars lasting unti... ... experience. Thisbecomes important when we assess her bohemian lifestyle living a lifethat is almost a work of art. She wrapped her novel with images of theliberating power of art and portrayed an admiration of nature at itsmost impressive.There is a sense o f fear and fascination with the creature. He is aman with abnormal strength he has a face full of scars and togethergives people a sense of fear when they see him. The people are scaredof him and declare him as being some sort evil, so immediately see himas being a threat to them and instinctively attack him. This makes thereaders feel sorry for the creature and keeps the reader waiting forwhat he will do when all world wants to kill him. Mary uses imageryand nature to reflect this. She uses the weather to show how he isfeeling, like when he first runs away and it is raining heavily.

Night World : Spellbinder Chapter 2

The crowd erupted in panic.Everything was happening at once Thea couldnt life out the different impressions. Half the flock in front of her were running. The other half were yelling.Call nine-one-one-It got Eric-I told you to kill itThe red-headed boy was darting forward with his stick. Other kids were speed around, looking for rocks. The group had become a mob.The glide was rattling wildly, a terrifying sizzling sound. It was in a frenzy, ready to strike again at any moment-and there was nothing Thea could do.Hey The vox startled her. It came from Eric, the boy whod been bitten. Calm down, you guys. Josh, give me that. He was talking to the redhead with the forked branch. It didnt stick me. It just struck.Thea stared at him. Was this guy crazy? that muckle were listening to him. A girl in baggy shorts and a midriff top stopped hefting her rock.Just let me get hold of it wherefore I can take it out into the brush where it wont hurt anybody.Definitely crazy. He was talking in such a matter-of-fact, reasonable modality-and he was vent to try to pin the snake down with that stick. Somebody had to act fast.A flash of ruby-color caught Theas eye. Blaise was in the crowd, watching with pursed lips. Thea made her decision.She dove for the snake.It was watching the stick. Thea grabbed for its mind in the beginning grabbing its body-which unbroken it immobilized for the instant she needed to seize it just below the head. She hung on while its jaws gaped and its body lashed.Grab the tail and well get it out of here, she say breathlessly to Eric the crazy guy.Eric was staring at her grip on the snake, dumbfounded. For Gods sake, dont let go. It can twist in a second.I know. Grab itHe grabbed it. nigh of the crowd scattered as Thea wheeled around with the snakes head held tightly at arms length. Blaise didnt run, she just looked at the snake as if it smelled bad.I need this, Thea speak hastily as she passed her cousin. She snatched at Blaises necklace with her free hand. The fragile gold chain broke and Theas fingers closed around a stone. thusly she was heading out into the scratch brush, the weight of the snake dragging on her arm. She walked fast, because Eric didnt have much time. The grounds behind the school sloped up and then downward, getting wilder and more than gray-brown. When the buildings were out of sight, Thea stopped.This is a good place, Eric tell. His vo starter was strained.Thea glanced cover version and saw that he looked pale. Brave and very, very crazy, she thought. Okay, we let go on three. She jerked her head. Throw it that way and back up fast.He n peculiared and counted with her. One two three.Giving it a slight swing, they both let go. The snake flew in a graceful arc and come near a clump of purple sage. It wriggled immediately into the brush without showing the slightest hint of gratitude. Thea mat up its cool, scaly mind recede as it thought, That smell that cultivation safety.She let out the brea th she hadnt realized shed been holding.Behind her, she heard Eric sit down abruptly. Well, thats that. His own breathing was fast and irregular. Now could I ask you a favor?He was sitting with his long legs straight out, his skin even paler than before. Perspiration beaded on his upper lip.You know, Im not really sure it didnt bite me, he said.Thea knew-and knew Eric knew-that it had. Rattlers did sometimes strike without biting, and did sometimes bite without injecting venom. But not this time. What she couldnt believe was that any human would care enough virtually a snake to let a bite go untreated.Let me see your leg, she said.Actually, I think perchance youd better just call the paramedics.Please let me see. She kept her voice gentle, kneeling in front of him, reaching slowly. The way shed approach a scared animal. He held still, letting her roll up his jeans leg.There it was, the tiny double wound in the tanned skin. Not much blood. But surrounded by swelling already. Even if she ran back to the school, even if the paramedics broke every(prenominal) speed law, it wouldnt be fast enough. Sure, theyd save his life, besides his leg would swell up like a sausage and turn purple and hed have long time of unbelievable pain.Except that Thea had in her hand an Isis bloodstone. A deep red carnelian engraved with a scarab, symbol of the Egyptian Queen goddess, Isis. The ancient Egyptians had set the stones at the feet of mummies Blaise used it to heighten passion. But it was also the most powerful purifier of the blood in existence.Eric groaned suddenly. His arm was over his eye, and Thea knew what he must be feeling. Weakness, nausea, disorientation. She felt sorry for him, but his confusion would actually work to her advantage.She pressed her hand to the wounds, the carnelian hidden between her tightly closed fingers. Then she started to hum on a lower floor her breath, visualizing what she wanted to happen. The thing about gems was that they didnt work on their own. They were just a means of raising psychic power, focusing it, and directing it to a certain purpose. induce the poison, surround it, dispel it. Purify and eliminate. Then encourage the bodys natural defenses. Finally, soothe out the swelling and redness, sending the blood back where it expireed.As she knelt there, feeling the lie on the back of her head, she suddenly realized that shed never done this before. Shed healed animals-puppies with toad poisoning and cats with spider bites-but never a person. Funny how shed known instinctively that she could do it. Shed almost felt that she had to do it.She sat back on her heels, maxing the bloodstone. How are you feeling?Huh? He excessivelyk his arm away from his eye. Sorry-I think I sort of blanked out there for a minute.Good, Thea thought. But how do you feel now?He looked at her as if he were struggling under pressure to be gentle. He was going to explain to her that people who got bitten by rattlesnakes felt sick. B ut then his expression c assisted. I feel its weird I think maybe its gone numb. He peered doubtfully at his calf.No, you were just lucky. You didnt get bitten.What? He scrambled to roll his jeans leg up higher. Then he just stared. The skeletal system was smooth and unmarked, with just the slightest trace ot redness left. I was sureHe lifted his eyes to hers.It was the first time Thea had really gotten a chance to look at him. He was a nice-looking guy, lean and sandy-haired and sweet-faced. Long legs. And those eyes deep green with gray flecks. Just now they were both intense and bewildered, like those of a startled kid.Howd you do that? he said.Thea was shocked speechless.He wasnt supposed to respond like this. What was wrong with him? When she could talk again, she said, I didnt do anything.Yes, you did, he said, and now his eyes were clear and direct, full of an odd conviction. Suddenly his expression changed to something like wonder. You theres something so different about yo u.He leaned forward slowly, as if entranced. And then Thea experienced an odd duality. She was used to seeing herself through the eyes of animals a big, hairless creature in false skins. But now she saw herself as Eric saw her. A kneeling girl with yellow hair falling loose over her shoulders and soft brown eyes. A face that was too gentle, with a very sick expression.Youre beautiful, Eric said, still wondering. Ive never seen anybody but its like theres a mist all around you. Youre so mysterious.A huge quivering stillness seemed to hang over the desert. Theas heart was beating so hard that it shook her body. What was happening?Its like youre part of everything out here, he said in that wise, childlike voice. You belong to it. And theres so much peace.No, Thea said. There was no peace at all in her. She was terrified. She didnt know what was going on, but she knew she had to get away.Dont go, he said, when she shifted. He had the stricken expression of a heartbroken puppy.And then he reached for her. Not roughly. His fingers didnt close on her wrist. They just brushed the back of her hand, sliding away when she jerked.But it didnt matter. That light touch had raised all the hairs on Theas forearm. And when she looked back into the gray-flecked green eyes, she knew hed felt it, too.A sort of piercing sweetness, a dizzying exhilaration. And-a connection. As if something deeper than words was organism communicated.I know you. I see what you see.Almost without knowing what she was doing, Thea raised her hand. Fingertips slightly outspread, as if she were going to touch a mirror or a ghost. He brought his hand up, too. They were staring at each other.And then, just before then- fingers made contact, Thea felt a jolt of panic like ice water.What was she doing? Had she lost her mind?Suddenly everything was clear-too clear. Her future stretched out before her, every detail sharp. Death for breaking Night World law. Herself centered in the midland Circle, toilsome t o explain that she hadnt meant to betray their secrets, that she hadnt meant to to get close to a human. That it was all a mistake, just a moment of dullity because shed wanted to heal him. And them livery the Cup of Death anyway.The vision was so clear it seemed like a prophecy. Thea jumped up as if the ground had lurched underneath her, and she did the whole thing she could think of to do.She said scathingly, Are you nuts? Or is your brain just overheated or something?He got the stricken look again.Hes a human. One of them, Thea reminded herself. She put even more scorn in her voice. Im part of everything I did something to your leg yeah, sure. I bet you believe in Santa Claus, too.Now he looked shocked-and uncertain. Thea went for the coup de gras. Or were you just trying to put the moves on me?Huh? No, he said. He blinked and looked around. The desert was the ordinary desert, gray-green and parched and flat. Then he looked at his leg. He blinked again, as if getting a clean- living grip on reality. I look, Im sorry if I upset you. I dont know whats wrong with me.Suddenly he gave a sheepish smile. Maybe Im signifier of weird from being scared. I guess Im not as brave as I thought.Relief trickled through Thea. He was buying it. Thank Isis that earth were stupider than chickens.And I wasnt trying to move in on you. I just- He broke off. You know, I dont even know your name.Thea Harman.Im Eric Ross. Youre new here, arent you?Yes. Stop talking and go, she staged herself.If I can show you around or anything I mean, I would like to see you again.No, Thea said flatly. She would have liked to have kept it to that monosyllable, but she wanted to crush this new idea of his completely. I dont want to see you, she said, too rattled to think of any more subtle way to put it.And then she turned and walked away. What else was there to do? She certainly couldnt talk to him anymore. Even if she would continuously wonder why hed been crazy enough to care about the sna ke, she couldnt ask. From now on she had to stay as far away from him as possible.She hurried back to the school-and realized immediately that she was late. The parking lot was quiet. Nobody was travel outside the adobe buildings.On my first day, too, Thea thought. Her backpack was on the ground where shed dropped it, a notebook computer lying beside it on the asphalt. She grabbed them both and all but ran to the office.It was only in physics class, after shed handed her admission slip to the teacher and walked past rows of curious eyes to an empty seat in the back, that she realized the notebook wasnt hers.It fell open to a page that had Introduction to Flat-worms scribbled in sloping, spiky blue ink. Below were some pictures labeled Class Turbellaria and Class Trematoda. The worms were attractively drawn, with their nervous systems and reproductive organs shaded in different colors of highlighter, but the artist had also given them big goofy smiling faces. Grotesque bu t lovable in a cross-eyed way. Thea turned the page and saw another drawing, the Life Cycle of the Pork Tapeworm.Yum.She leafed back to the beginning of the notebook. Eric Ross, Honors animal I.She shut the book.Now how was she going to get it back to him?Part of her mind worried about this through physics and her next class, computer applications. Part of it did what it always did at a new school, or any new gathering of humans it watched and cataloged, keeping alert for danger, figuring out how to fit in. And part of it simply said, I didnt know they had a zoology class here.The one question she didnt want to ask herself was what had happened out there in the desert? Whenever the thought came up, she pushed it away brusquely. It must have had something to do with her senses being too open after merging with the snake.Anyway, it hadnt meant anything. It had been a weird one-time fluke.In the main hallway at break, Blaise came rushing up, quick as a lioness despite the high heels. Hows it going? Thea said, as Blaise drew her into a temporarily deserted classroom.Blaise just held out her hand. Thea fished in her pocket for the carnelian.You ruined the chain, you know, Blaise said asshe shook back midnight hair and examined the stone for damage. And it was one I designed.Sorry. I was in a hurry.Yes, and why? What did you want with it? Blaise didnt detention for a response. You healed that boy, didnt you? I knew he got bitten. But he was human.Reverence for life, remember? Thea said. An ye harm none, do as you will. She didnt say it with much conviction.That doesnt mean humans. And what did he think?Nothing. He didnt know I was healing him he didnt even realize he got bitten. It wasnt exactly a lie.Blaise looked at her with smoky, suspicious gray eyes. Then she glanced heavenward and shook her head. Now if youd been using it to heat his blood, Id understand. But maybe you were doing a little of that, too.No, I was not, Thea said. And despite the warmth that ro se in her cheeks her voice was cold and sharp. The horror of that death vision was still with her. In fact, I dont ever want to see him again, she went on jaggedly, and I told him so, but Ive got his stupid notebook, and I dont know what to do with it. She waved the notebook in Blaises face.Oh. Blaise considered, head on one side. Well Ill take it to him for you. Ill track him down somehow.Would you? Thea was startled. Thats really nice.Yes, it is, Blaise said. She took the notebook, handling it carefully, as if her nails were wet. Okay, well, Id better get to my next class. Algebra. She made a face. Bye now.Suspicion struck as Thea watched her go.Blaise wasnt usually so accommodating. And that bye now too sweet. She was up to something.Thea followed the ruby of Blaises shirt as Blaise went back into the main hallway, then turned without hesitation into a locker-lined corridor. There, searching through one of the lockers, was a lean assure with long legs and sandy hair.Fastest tr acking Ive ever seen, Thea thought sourly. She peered around the Mediterranean-blue door of a broken locker.Blaise walked up behind Eric very slowly, hips swaying. She put a hand on his back.Eric jumped slightly, then turned around.Blaise just stood there.It was all she needed to do. Blaise reeled guys in just by being. It was the glorious dark hair, the smoldering gray eyes plus a figure that could stop traffic on the freeway. Curves galore, and clothes that emphasized every one. On another girl it might have been too much, but on Blaise it was just breathtaking. Guys who thought they liked the waif look dropped everything to follow her just as fast as guys who thought they liked blonds.Eric blinked at her, looking hazy already. He didnt seem to know what to say.That wasnt unusual. Guys always got tongue-tied around Blaise.Im Blaise Harman. The voice was low and liquid. And youre Eric?Eric nodded, still blinking.Yes, hes dazed all right, Thea thought. The jerk. She was surprised at her own vehemence.Good, because I wouldnt want to give this to the wrong person. Blaise produced the notebook from behind her back like a magician.Oh-whered you get that? Eric looked relieved and grateful. Ive been looking everywhere.My cousin gave it to me, Blaise said carelessly. She held onto the notebook as he tried to take it, and their fingers touched. Wait. You owe me something for bringing it back, dont you?Her voice was a purr. And now Thea knew, without a doubt, what was going to happen.Eric was doomed.

My life after five years from now

I am an adolescent who have just completed heights school and has started attending college. My academic progress is satisfactory and I am getting good grades. By nature I may be considered a shallow person who manoeuvers things rather lightly. I dont go much deeper into any problem to really comprehend it. Although, I am gregarious and fun loving, basically I am an intr everywheret and I keep my personal life sheltered as I dont entertain people into confidence easily. I have a weak personality and lack self confidence. To camouflage this, I always try to be over friendly and talkative with my friends.But deep down, I dont trust my friends and never share my innermost thoughts with them. If things dont work come to the fore according to my expectations, I become a recluse, and refuse to discuss it with anyone. My outlook is conservative and can not accept any open show of essence easily. Fear of the unknown, fear of failure has totally blinded my vision and obstructed my ration al thinking capacity. Although I am well aware of my drawbacks, I am unable to diverseness for the better. Currently my vision about life is blurred by my short sightedness and lack of wisdom and experience.I would like to change these negative attributes and enhance my personality. The vision of my life five years from now is a complete transformation of my personality. Ill accept my friends as they are and complaisance them as an individual. Ill take some of my friends into confidence and share my problems and successes with them. Ill always listen to their point of view before pickings any sticky decision. Ill shed my pessimistic and gloomy attitude and encounter any problem with a positive mind.Ill acknowledge my fear, will analyse it and desex a conscious effort to eliminate it from my system, in a slow but determined way. This negative personality trait affected me greatly and prevented me from taking right kind of decisions at the right moment. Ill overcome fear with doub le determination and become a person with an independent personality, who can take right kind of decision at the right moment, and can dream, believe and act towards realising his cherished goal.Career-wise I have not thought of any item profession which I would like to pursue within the course of next five years. While Ill concentrate on my studies to ensure good grades, on spare convictions I would do odd jobs to earn some extra money.Since travelling excites me a lot, I would take up part time job in travel agencies such as tourist guide or interpreter which will take me to exotic tourist places. While go with the tourists, Ill visit beautiful islands, see exotic landscapes of steep mountains, and lush green vegetations. Sometimes Ill lie down in solitude on a sandy beach, and gaze at the blue azure sky. Associating with nature will give me a clear perspective on life and what it holds. Ill shed my superficial self and emerge a more genuine person who will appreciate anything from beauty of nature to the beauty of a girl from aesthetic sense. This will help me to get into a permanent relationship, which till now is eluding me.I want to confidently go in the management of my goal of transforming my personality within five years from now. Only time will tell how far Ill be successful in changing my negative personality traits and become a person who is honest with himself and with others and have emotional strength, integrity of character, clarity of mind and confidence in others. If I check off the personality mentioned above within five years from now, my goal of personal transition will become a reality.

Ethnicity and Police Essay

Understanding the usual representation of rightfulness enforcement among individuals in a neighborhood provides a meaningful power of support for the establishment between his government. Require knowledge of how masses as a whole describe the application of law is a critical inaugural step in increasing the connections between police and communities. This is why studies are distinguished ward movement of factors of policing. Furthermore, the rules of public representation of the application of the law fucking be compared. The production of this representation, establishments roll in the hay learn if your printing is increasing or decreasing overtime, or if he or she is held in high esteem or lower estimates on mass living in a neighborhood compared to other law enforcement in other neighborhoods.General versus specific measures argue that inconsistencies in the enforcement picture revealed in public opinion polls as a result of questioning format. The number of people livin g in a union that reported a optimistic law enforcement image presented general questions ranged from 75 % to 80 %. However, the decisive answer about one sixth one half when individuals were given studies. They have evaluated different universes of meaning and are not just artifacts of meaningless comparisons of these measures. Factors that influence the general image of the police and some of the ca affairs that determine the overall image of law enforcement.Although it is unfinished several factors believed to influence the overall image are factors other than law enforcement people looked not over yet.One of the around compel discussions on the general image of law enforcement is the way it is determined by the final result. Law enforcement makes, for example, control of crime, and enforcement methods used to create those results with equity and other views of the methods of enforcement. The demonstratees are discussed further in the remainder of this paper, that the foc us is on three types of power in the general image of the police characteristic personal traits of people living in a neighborhood when asked to make a assessment , the nature of the contract that citizens have recently had with the police, and the media portrays of law enforcement and serious offenders.One of the most current findings of opinion polls about law enforcement is white individuals are happier with the police than other breeds. This information has been used for the past 40 years, leaving loads of surveys in the United States and in other areas. An example of people living in a neighborhood are satisfied with law enforcement in 12 different areas. In fact , this information was retrieved by the Bureau of nicety Statistics , in 1998 , 90 % of whites were satisfied with law enforcement compared with 76% of African Americans and other races.In addition, Wisconsin 97 % of whites were happy with the police, while 91 % of African Americans were satisfied with the implement ation of the law. Much of the data shows a positive relationship between age and pose toward law enforcement. People under 18 who show less blessedness with the police than adults. In a survey has not been reported for adolescents, insinuates that age can make a difference when aged individuals compared to adolescents. However, this is only based on a survey conducted in a city, and another study reported that older people had a less favorable attitude towards the law enforcement adolescents. In other words, a teen does not mind the age of the adults, but decreases satisfaction and increases with age adolescents.The ratio of male or female satisfaction with the implementation of the law is not clear. Two surveys found that males have a more positive attitude concerning women just law enforcement. However, another study found that, as the male or female gender made no difference. Therefore, these two contrasted studies on gender does not make a big difference when it comes to law enforcement, but men are known to have a overmuch better attitude toward law enforcement than women.Other influences such as color, what age is a man or woman are more familiar distinctive hesitate to police. However, many researchers found that people living in the middle class areas have a better attitude with the police. In fact, people who use scientific methods do not check that differences are different. There are two different aspects of influences. One is that people have different and distinctive relationships with law enforcement characteristics. Teenagers are more likely to be impartial because ofconstant arrested, searched, given an input, placed under arrest, and given a model over elderly.Two people coming from different backgrounds have different views on law enforcement and different ways to view events. Blacks and whites descriptions are similar, but African Americans have more egoistic motives to the police for the reason African Americans are known to live in t he slums and poor areas where violent crimes occur. Was to found people living in an area qualifies the process more generally, and seem to be more satisfied with the police, but . However, they found different demeanors are stronger when it comes to judges, lawyers, the courts and the legal system. Behavior towards the police are also cerebrate to the degree of participation in the political system.From the information mentioned herein are black people or white both have similar but different views of law enforcement based on the individual near also puts a live different perspective of how each race application views of the law, because African Americans are known to live in the slums and poor areas compared with white individuals living in areas of high middle class. Age also has some aspects in this because adolescents are compared to older adults. None of them should make a difference all people should be treated equally, regardless of race, gender, age and the district he or she resides and application of the law must be respected.In conclusion, there are several factors that are mentioned in this document illustrating African Americans and whites and how these two races are law enforcement. Age, gender, race, favorable statutes, economic, neighborhood effects and other influences play an important role in how individuals look to law enforcement. However, in some cases, African Americans are stopped, searched, cited, arrested, and given warning over elderly. Therefore, one can say that, under the law there is a difference in how it treats individuals.ReferencesBrown, K. & Coulter, P.B. (1983, January February) Subjective and Objective Measures of Police Delivery ordinary Administration Review, Bureau of Justice Statistics and the Office of Community Oriented Policing Services. (1999). Criminal Victimization and Perceptions of Policing, 22 Hindeland, R.J. (1994) Citizens Preference and Perceptions Concerning Police Pursuit Policies Journal of Criminal Justice 22 ()

Research on Tobacco Smoking Essay

AbstractThe aim of this seek bewilder is to test the hypothesis that Tobacco ingest is adversely affecting the health of unborn babies among great(predicate) wo manpower in Barking and Dagenham bullet large(predicate) women appear to be more vulnerable than non consume big(predicate) women to many adverse consequences of tobacco plant smoking. fastball during mformer(a)liness is associated with many fatal and neo-natal problems such as low birth weight, pre-term delivery, placenta damage, miscarriage, and sudden-infant- wipeout syndrome. It tummy also be the cause of respiratory problems such as chest infections and stub aggravate asthma in childly babies. Smoking pregnant women achieve higher concentrations of nicotine and carbon monoxide in their blood and become more impaired than non smoking pregnant women after smoking equivalent amounts of tobacco.The flying field has used primary quill and secondary research to obtain its findings. The questionnaire albeit a v ery small cross incision of the population, established that tobacco use is more prevalent among smoking pregnant women than non smoking pregnant women in Barking and Dagenham. In my survey, 60 percent of tobacco smoking pregnant women reported consume goat, 200 percent weed cigars, 10 percent pipe tobacco, and 10 percent of other types of tobacco per day on average.The secondary research was based on studies and surveys that the the turn of pregnant women who smoke has been falling steadily in recent historic period. No one can cut across that quitting smoking it is a difficult process. Even so, many pregnant women give up smoking for good during pregnancy. Moreover, pregnant women who give up smoking archaeozoic in pregnancy and who receive hike from their qualityners and from midwives are most likely to be thriving in becoming permanent non-smokers.IntroductionThis research project allow for be discussing the hypothesis that Tobacco smoking is adversely affecting the he alth of unborn babies among pregnant women. The expression adversely is defined within the literary productions review, using evidence from secondary source material. It will debate the reasons, affects, consequences, disadvantages of tobacco smoking among pregnant women and Government advice and consequence of tobacco and how harmful it is to babies and their health. In addendum to this material, a small scale research component has been included which leads to an evaluation of both the primary and secondary sources.LITERATURE REVIEWIn celestial latitude 1998, the plane section of health published Smoking Kills a White Paper on tobacco, which set out practical measures to reduce smoking among men, women, children and most particular women with pregnancy. say-so for national statistics 2008 2009, smoking related behaviour and attitude.Smoking is the inhalation of the smoke of burning tobacco encased in cigarettes, pipes, and cigars. Many health experts now impact habitual s moking as a psychological addiction, too, and one with serious health consequences. McCoy. K, Tobacco smoking page 226.For some people its because they accept that they cant live without the effects of smoking, such as relieving stress and free pleasure. For others its because smoking is associated with fun and social activities, such as a break from work or meeting with friends in the pub. McConoile. B, Women and pregnancy part 3- page 196.Everyone has different reasons for smoking and tobacco is used to fill many needs. few of the key reasons are the physical, emotional and psychological effects that cigarettes have they can also be used as a tool when socialising. Fintan O Toole, Health correspondent Article- Life & Style, The Guardian 19/12/2008.Smoking is used as a way to suppress uncomfortable feelings, and smoking is used to gentle stress, calm nerves, and relax. No wonder that when you are deprived of smoking, your mind and body are unsettled for a little while. ( Kirkup, J, Daily Telegraph 22 February 2008, smoking and hazards.The habit of cigarette smoking is often used to tranquilize emotional issues like anxiety, stress, or low self-esteem. In addition, smoking provides comfort to people with conditions of degenerative pain and depression. Smokers with emotional stress or chronic pain often turn to smoking as an attempt to treat their pain. Dr. Annette, October 15, 2009, why people smoke cigarettes.Smokers often say that lighting up a cigarette can calm their nerves, satisfy their cravings, and help them feel energized. Indeed, nicotine in tobacco joins on to receptors in your brain that release feel good chemicals that can make you feel calm and energized all at once. Smoking acts as a drug, inducing a feeling of well-being with each puff. Chorlton. P, Life pure tone Management page 89.Smoking is a way to avoid feeling unpleasant emotions such as sadness, grief, and anxiety. It can hide apprehensions, fears, and pain. This is accom plished partly through the chemical effects of nicotine on the brain. Moor. S, The Journal 23 March 2006.According to a study carried at the University of Nottingham by the Genetics of Pre-Eclampsia Consortium, pregnant women who smoke put the lives of their unborn babies at risk of infection. This study was funded by the British Heart Foundation and strongly supports the idea of many leading experts who advise that expectant mothers should quit smoking whilst pregnant.- NHS, Information Centre, family line 28, 2006, Statistics on NHS Stop Smoking Services.Out of the total 1001 women, 38.8 percent smokers delivered untimely babies as compared to 21.3 percent of non-smokers. 46.1 percent of smokers delivered low birth weight babies when compared to 27.9 percent non-smokers. 65.6 percent of smokers delivered babies with adverse conditions when compared to 60 percent of former smokers and 50.4 percent of non-smokers Heath Express, December 5 2008, smoking and pre-eclampsiaThe mo st recent CDC survey (from 2008) showed that more than 1 in 6 American women aged 18 years or older (18.3%) smoked cigarettes. The highest rates were seen among American-Indian and Alaska-Native women (22.4%), followed by white (20.6%), African-American (17.8%), Hispanic (10.7%), and Asian women (4.7%). CDC womens health egresss and material (1999), smoking among pregnant women.Smoking during pregnancy is associated with many fatal and neo-natal problems such as low birth weight, pre-term delivery, placenta damage, miscarriage, and sudden-infant-death syndrome. It can also be the cause of respiratory problems such as chest infections and can aggravate asthma in young children. CDC womens health publications and material (1999), smoking among pregnant women.Tobacco use accounts for nearly 1 in 3 cancer deaths. Tens of thousands of women will die this year from lung cancer, which has shot past breast cancer as the leading cause of cancer death among women. Almost 90% of these lun g cancer deaths will be due to smoking. ACS, March 2001, Women and SmokingWhen the mother smokes, so does the baby. Smokers take in poisons such as nicotine and carbon monoxide (the same bollix up that comes out of a cars exhaust pipe). These poisons get into the placenta, which is the tissue that connects the mother and the baby before it is born. These poisons keep theunborn baby from getting the aliment and oxygen needed to grow. Partnerships for a Tobacco- free Maine, 2010, Parent smoking among pregnant women.New studies show that if a womans partner smokes near her during her pregnancy, in that location are added risks. It is best for the mother, baby, and entire family to quit tobacco. If family and friends continue to smoke the pregnant mother should ask them not to smoke near her. Lungs UK, 2010 Mothers smoking among pregnant women. overdue to smoking habits among pregnant women, about 4000 fatal deaths occur every year. It also includes miscarriages. Smoking among preg nant women also leads to premature births, low birth weight, cot death and asthma. In addition smoking is also associated with learning difficulties among children whose mothers smoke during pregnancy, which is yet another(prenominal) good reason why women who are pregnant should consider giving up. Heath Express, December 5 2008, smoking and pre-eclampsia.Women who smoke greatly increase their risk of heart disease (the leading killer among women) and stroke. Risk goes up with the number of cigarettes smoked and the length of time a woman has been smoking. Even though most of the women who die of heart disease are past menopause, smoking increases the risk more in younger women than in older women. ACS, March 2001, Women and Smoking.Heart disease and diseases of the blood vessels (cardiovascular disease) are more common in women who smoke than in those who dont. Research indicates that women who smoke and also use hormonal contraceptives have a particularly high risk of developing heart disease or blood c mess halls that can lead to stroke. eHealth MD, 2000, smoking, alcohol, and pregnancy.Cigarette smoking remains the leading preventable cause of death in UK. One out of five smokers, sideline a gruelling history of lung diseases including pneumonia, emphysema, bronchitis and COPD with eventually die from cancer associated with smoking. Champix 2008, stop smoking and champix.Smoking also increases the risk of many other types of cancer other than lung cancer, including cancers of the throat, mouth, pancreas, kidney, bladder, breast, and cervix. Heart Attacks, individuals that smoke are six times more likely to experience a heart attack when compared to individuals that choose not to smoke. Powell. J, drug hollo (Emotional Health Issues 2007) page 27.Smoking also promotes the development free radicals which are highly unstable molecules that cause disease and damage to cell DNA. The cells of your body sound behaving erratically producing a range of respo nses that make your skin age faster. BBC News,Thursday, 28 December, 2006, Cigarettes Smoking effects.If you smoke more than a 1/2 pack of cigarette per day for over six months you have a one in three chance that you will not perform to previous levels in the bedroom, unfitness to perform, inability to a achieve, inability to maintain an erection. Lamb. K, Health Issue 2001, Cigarettes smoking.Research carried out by Oxford University regardd that smoking cost the NHS in the UK 5.2 billion in 2005/06, close to 5.5% of total healthcare costs4. This updates the estimated cost of between 1.4 and 1.5 billion a year, estimated by research carried out by the Oxford University. Statistics, Health, 2001, Smoking Related Behaviour & Attitudes.In 2008, it is estimated that nearly one in five deaths in England of people over 35 years of age were due to smoking. Over a third of all deaths from respiratory diseases and almost three in ten of all deaths from cancers in this population are e stimated to be caused by smoking. A higher remainder of smoking attributed deaths were seen for men compared to women. Oxford Journal, 2008, Volume 105, Number 41, Cancer Risk for Smoker.Dr Miriam Stoppard said Pregnancy can be a particularly difficult time to stop smoking and quite an than stigmatising these women, we should be guiding them to their local NHS Stop Smoking Service for expert advice and support. BBC News, Wednesday, 4 February 2009, Health, pregnant smokers fear criticism.The total number of successful quitters delivered by NHS Stop Smoking Services between 2003/04 and 2005/06 was 832,700. The Department of Health Priorities and Planning Framework (PPF) target of 800,000 successful quitters over this period was achieved.- NHS, Information Centre, September 28, 2006, Statistics on NHS Stop Smoking Services.The number of women who smoke has been falling steadily in recent years. No one can deny that quitting smoking it is a difficult process. Even so, many women giv e up smoking for good during pregnancy. eHealth MD, 2000, smoking, alcohol, and pregnancy.Women who give up smoking early in pregnancy and who receive encouragement from their partners and from midwives are most likely to be successful in becoming permanent non-smokers. BBC News, 2007, Health issue, smoking, and pregnancy.The Smoking and Health (ASH) and the British Medical Association (BMA) estimate that up to 120,000 men over 30 years old suffer from impotence as a negative effect of smoking. This figure is likely to be very conservative, because it does not include impotence due to previous smoking in men who no longer smoke. Office of the national statistics 25 April 2010, cigarettes smoking.The proportion of adults who smoked cigarettes fell substantially in the 1970s and the early 1980s from 45 per cent in 1974 to 35 per cent in 1982. After 1982 it declined bit by bit until the early 1990s, levelling out during the 1990s. It then fell smoothly from 28 per cent in 1998/99 to 24 per cent in 2005. Office of the national statistics 25 April 2010, cigarettes smoking.ObjectiveThe objective of this research project is to test the hypothesis that, Tobacco smoking is adversely affecting the health of unborn babies among pregnant women. With the use of primary and secondary research to test the above mentioned hypothesis, there will be an emphasis on relevant literature such as journals, studies, surveys and statistics, both main(a) and governmental. In addition to this literature, the projects questionnaire will add another dimension to the research giving it more essence and making it more satisfactory. The upshot of the project is to have basic knowledge and awareness of the danger of tobacco smoking to pregnant women who smokes and also the dangerous effect to the unborn babies.MethodThe research project shall engross both primary and secondary research and then evaluate both sources and produce a conclusion of results.The primary research will consist of a questionnaire, the unexpended anonymous is to protect the identity of the participants. Consequently, making them feel comfortable so that their answers will be as frank as possible. When all the gathered information is collected, comparisons can be made to determine my hypothesis. Tobacco smoking is adversely affecting the health of unborn babies among pregnant women on.There will only be a small sample of questionnaires to process the results. Therefore, it will not be a true reflection of baseball club and its trends. The results from the survey will not have any significance on a national level, although, the participants do come from verity backgrounds and a range of nationalities.The study for secondary research will be produced from pertinent literature that will be reviewed and documented, the use of applicable radio and television programs and appropriate web sites. By using these informative mediums a deeper understanding and better insight into this much argued topi c will be gained.In the process of carrying out this research, a lot of issues were put into consideration especially the ethnicity and nationality of respondents.ResultsThe primary research consisted of the 15 questionnaires being distributed, 12 smoking pregnant women responded showing their ages to range from 18 to 40 years and 8 another non smoking pregnant women responded also showing their ages to range form 18 40 years. The survey report presents the finding of research into young women excessive drinking in Barking and Dagenham. In recent years there has been rising concern about the prevalence of smokers behaviour, especially among pregnant women.Smoking among pregnant women has also increases the risk of many other types of diseases that have led to the death of their babies. Smoking habits among pregnant women is intolerable, about 4000 fatal deaths occur every year. It also includes miscarriages. Smoking among pregnant women also leads to premature births, low birth wei ght, cot death and asthma. In addition smoking is also associated with learning difficulties among children whose mothers smoke during pregnancy, which is yet another good reason why women who are pregnant should consider giving up.picEvaluationThe structure of the questionnaire was to establish where and how pregnant women indulge in tobacco smoking, periodical intake of tobacco, consequences of tobacco and the awareness of the affect of tobacco to their unborn babies, and the medical efforts and advice to reduce frequent intake of tobacco among pregnant women.The research shows that majority of pregnant women goes into smoking because of various reasons. My research shows that pregnant women smoke to be sociable with their friends, boredom, stress, relaxation, parent influence and also family influence.According to the result of my research, sixty percent hold that they were suffering from the side effect of smoking tobacco. Majority of them complained of various illness and sid e effect of tobacco such as constant headache, cough out, shortness of breath, wheezing, coughing mucus or blood, dry and wet cough, fever, chest discomfort, foetal development problems, and brain damage and other severe complication to unborn child, according to pregnant women.The research also shows that the respondents who filled out my questionnaire agreed that they have loss their dear ones through tobacco smoking either by asthma, cancer, coronary artery disease, heart disease, stroke, lungs disease, complication during pregnancy and many other diseases resulting from tobacco smoking.The hypothesis has been proven through this evidence produced in the primary and secondary research that tobacco smoking is unavoidable, and it will be extremely difficult to outlaw it in the society. The only possible solution to this problem is to continue to make general publication about the severe influence and the harms it can cause to their foetus and the unborn babies. construe1Age Range that Smoke during pregnancyFigure 2Tobacco enjoyment during PregnancyFigure 3Ranges of Smoking and Non Smoking during PregnancyFigure 4Reasons for SmokingFigure 5Frequency of Smoking during PregnancyFigure 6Types of Tobacco Smoking by Pregnant WomenBibliographyLiteratureFirth. L, 2001, Smoking Problem, Volume 43, Smith University, Published The Independence Royston. A, Tobacco Learn to Say No Oxford, Publisher Heinemann Library Lamb. K, Tobacco Smoking Health Issue 2001, London, Publisher White ThomsonWechsler. H, PhD and Wuethrich. B, 2002, Addicted to Smoking Tackling the Diseases Published by World Book USA. Plant. M, and Plant. M, 2006, Smoking in Britain Drugs and the National Response, Publisher Oxford University Press. Dr, Mapstone. J, Acting Director of Public Health, November 2007, Smoking and Pregnancy, Glasgow, Publisher The independence Ward. M, 1998, caring for someone with drugs Addicts (carer handbook series) Publisher Age business sector Hamilton. K, 1999, Drugs and Pregnancy your body (Healthy Body) London, Publisher Hodder WaylandJournalsParker. Colins, Tutor, 2010 HandoutMoor. S, The Journal 23 March 2006.Institution of Drugs Student 2007 Issue 2.McConoile. B, Pregnant women under Tobacco influence part 2- page 186.McCoy. K, & Dr. Wibbelsman. C, The teenager health page 148 Powell. J, Pregnancy and drug Abuse (Emotional Health Issues 2008) page 13.Foster. R.K, and Marriott, 2006, Women and Pregnancy, volume 31 Issue 4, page 286 308Chorlton. P, Life Quality Management page 64.Internetnews.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/health/3121440smokingissues.co.uk/know-your-limits-responsible homemed4u.co.uk/ /Smoking-tobacco-causes-death.aspsurreyhypnosisclinic.co.uk/ Drugs-HypnosisinCamberleyww.nhs.uk/Livewell/smoking/ Pages/Effectsofdrugs.aspxwww.guardian.co.uk/uk/ pregnancy/feedarticle/8491829www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/1537484/tobacco-smoking-among-pregnant womenwww.independent.co.uk/life-style/health-and-families/health-news/smokingwww.smokingissue s.co.uk/ uk-s-relationship-with-tobaccol.htmlwww.nhs.uk/Livewell/pregnancyl/ Pages/Effectsoftobaccol.aspx www.ias.org.uk/resources/ factsheets/pregnancy/smoking.pdf

Business Communication Trends Paper

University Of Phoenix Introduction to Business talk Tr land ups Paper Business Communication is a tool that allows you to rectify the performance of your employees, performance of teams within the company. It also allows you to improve the performance of the entire organization, with the common goal helping company to fulfill its mission. (http//www. skills2lead. com/definition-of -business-communication. html). Business Communication plays a major role in my daily activities at give-up the ghost.I work for a cellular phone company and in this business things commute daily. We constantly have to come with ways to rely this information effectively to the agents on the floor. For example we have a section called new and changed, the agents are sibyllic to read this anyday. This section tells them about the latest updates or about any changes that have been made. For some reason the agents were not reading this everyday like they should so that made the company think what can we d o to rile the agents read the material?The company decided to do simulations that the agents had to interact with, which kept their attention, and the at the end there were questions that had to be answered about the reading, and you have to score a 80% or better to pass. By communicating with my agents, and fellow managers I am adapted to keep my daily work activities organized. This way I stay organized is by putting everything on my calendar such as lunch, meetings, etc.For example when i go to lunch I send out an email to everyone in the office letting bonk I am gone and when I return, this lets the make the other managers aware of how many of them are left on the floor, and if we are short or not usually if another manager is gone I will hold off on lunch until they get back to ensure there is enough coverage of the floor. By communicating this helps me to let everyone know when I am available and when I am not.If I did not communicate it would make things very difficult thi s helps me to not be double book for two interviews at once and not to have anything scheduled during my lunch break. The trend that I am seeing the most in my current work place is team work. Team work is very important because you want to get everyones opinions and different views on situations. When working in customer accusation there are a lot of issues that may arise one of the most common issues is when a customer returns a phone but however gets charged for it on their bill.It can be frustrating at times because it takes up so much time to look up this information, and agents are record off of their phones to do research, which is taking money away from the company. My company gets paid by billable hours so if an agent is not on the phone we lose money. So my boss started communicating with his bosses to see what could be done to get the problem we were having under control, and still bring in more money. So my boss started cerebration how can we resolve this problem, an d still make more money.He ended up getting with other directors from other sites to get ideas on how this can be resolved. And they all came up with getting a equipment department internally. By doing this the regular agents no longer had to get off of their phones to research equipment, and since we would have special teach agents that meant more money for the company. So they pitched the ideas to their boss and six months later we have our own equipment department within the site.By communicating their ideas and thoughts, and showing how this would gain ground the company the directors got what they wanted, and they did it by working together. Communication is in almost everything we do rather it is in a marriage, at work, or at home full to name a few. In order to improve and move forward we have to communicate. In a Business communication is key each and every department is working towards particular goals to help the company achieve what they set out to, but the ultimate go al is to make more money for the company.

Muslim Societies Essay

The misrepresentation of Islamic societies is nothing new, peculiarly when they are being cover by the Hesperian media. Islamic communities, in reality, span a wider range of traditions and cultures especially when compared to Christian communities. Then again, as they are represented by westbound media, Islamic communities are considered as monolithic. This is just one of the many cases that prove how distorted the depiction of Islamic communities are.Western media also tends to consider Muslim states as Islamic without even fully comprehending the differences of the ways in which Islam coexists with the state in various nations. It is also important to consider the complexness of these interactions which close Western media bolt out to realize. To provide a wider perspective on this issue, a book entitled Comparing Muslim Societies association and the State in a World Civilization, emended by Juan R. I. Cole, is penned. This book contains eight essays from different writers across the globe. It also provides the reader several suggestions for further reading.Below is a list of some of the essays included in the book and reviews of each essay are as follows First Reviewed Essay Nikki Keddies Material Culture, Technology and Geography Toward a Holistic Comparative cultivation of the Middle East. This essay is about the influence of changing technologies in the development of Middle East history. The author argues that it is important for historians to interact with engineers and archaeologists, because this is a more(prenominal) effectual way to better understand the culture taking place in the Middle East.The author suggests that a historian, when not intimidated by Altusser, Foucault and Freud, will most likely just forget about the main thesis of the subject when simple topics on textile looms are included. Yet, these simple discussions on tools used in history are highly significant parts of the rich history of Islamic communities (Yee, 1992). Se cond Reviewed Essay Charles Lindholms Quandries of Command in Egalitarian Societies Examples from swat and Morocco. What Charles Lindholm did to this essay is to find the challenges of reconciling obvious inequities of power and resources with egalitarian ethos and an egalitarian religion.He made special mention of the Berbers of Morocco and the Swat Pukhtun of Pakistan. What made this essay fire is his excellent comparisons between the mentioned societies and the United States because the discrepancies between these groups are highly manifested and obviously existing (Yee, 1992). Third Reviewed Essay Dale Fickelmans The Art of Memory Islamic statement and Its Social Reproduction. It is this essay that made readers square up more about the transmission of learning taking place in Morocco during the first years of the century.In traditional system of education in Islamic communities, rote-learning is highly observed. This aspect of their tradition is never magnified and often igno red. However, with Dale Eickelmans essay, he showed his readers the more complex picture of this type of education. He emphasized the idea of rote-learning and related it to the role of this type of practice to a social context. Comparisons were made possible with the use of Western educational traditions and Muslim social systems (Yee, 1992). Comparing Muslim Societies is a book that is nothing short of a genius.What this book caters to are students taking up sociology and anthropology, especially if they are starting to be introduced to the Islamic world. Then again, since this book has to have a wide readership since it deserves that anyway, this book then also appeals to general readers who want to learn more about Islam and Islamic communities. Readers will be given a more thoughtful look on a subject such as the representation of Islam which is the same subject that is given very scant attention by mainstream media today.Readers of Comparing Muslim Societies will undoubtedly l earn to be more considerate when approaching studies and discussions about Islamic communities. References Cole, J. R. (ed). (1992). Comparing Muslim Societies Knowledge and the State in a World Civilization. University of Michigan Press. Yee, D. (1992). Comparing Muslim Societies Knowledge and the State in a World Civilization A Book Review. Danny Yees Book Reviews Website. February 26, 2009, from http//dannyreviews. com/h/Comparing_Muslim_Societies. html.

Hsc Belonging Peter Skrzynecki and Ben Heine

Individuals may feel a sense of belonging to many people and places. This sense of belonging can amend the individual, becoming a positive influence on his or her life. Ben Heine is the skilled photographer behind the photograph titled Home. This photograph uniquely explores ideas nearly belonging as to provoke thought in regards to the viewers perception of what it actually means to belong. Likewise, these ideas surrounding a connection to people and places ar expressed in Peter Skrzyneckis Immigrant Chronicles.Belonging is the central theme throughout the photograph Home which is clearly represented through the caricature of a barbarian girl establishing herself in a fantasy military man she is depicted consumeing herself into. Ben Heines image represents sureity versus fantasy which could also be viewed as non belonging and belonging. He has accomplished this through holding a pencilled sketch over a section of adjoining photograph to make something real into a distorted fantasy. Un want novels, poetry or songs, images cannot be expressed using a considerable amount of words. Instead images must display ocular techniques to convey ideas.Heine has incorporated numerous visual techniques into his photograph to achieve such complexity in depth and meaning. As the title of the photograph suggests, this image displays images of home, which provokes emotional thoughts towards the people depicted in the image. Within the salient image is a vector where your eyes are pinched towards and then follow a course to where the artist wishes you to look. In the image Home Heine has drawn a vector stemming from the centre of the young girl, which is then followed up the girls arm where she has write the unreserved word Home as a logo upon the singular house.This provokes thoughts as to whether the child and her mother standing to her left actually have a place to call Home. In 10 Mary Street, it is the house that provides a literal and psychological place to b elong. It signifies the Skrzyneckis search for security, identity and safety and is a refuge from the new and strange environment. The family invests too much in its importance, however, and the personification of the houses China blue coat reveals its discretion and that the nature of belonging to a place is transitory.This reveals the poets recognition of the position of vulnerability the family are in at the hand of their rigidity and exposes the dangers of relying on a place to belong. In 10 Mary Street the Skrzyneckis have a home, unlike the little girl portrayed in Home who has to draw a fantasy which includes a house and family to belong. The entire photograph Home depicts reality versus fantasy. The reality in the image is exemplified by the use of colour whereas the fantasy is shown in b deprivation and white sketching.The fantasy is a perfect illusion which would easily be concealed as reality if it werent for the obvious wrinkle between the colour palette, and lack of it. The pencilled fantasy is a perfect world however it is clearly a childs fantasy. The girls mother standing next to her seems oblivious to the girls imaginative world. She is absorbed in what is right in front of her reality. This is similar in St Patricks College as Peters mother is oblivious to her sons wishes. In the last paragraph the poet states prayed that someday mother would be pleased hat the darkness around me wasnt for the best. The repetition of this negative phrase wasnt for the best reinforces Skrzyneckis negative attitude to his mothers pickax of education for him as she was initially merely impressed by the uniforms of her employers sons. It implies some criticism for his mothers choice of school based on the ideas and attitudes of others and peradventure not on what is best for her sons personality and happiness. The God-like hand stemming from the right hand side of the image Home is holding the sketch.It is as though he is giving the girl opportunities, fores ight into what her life could be like, a guiding hand making dreams come true. In the fantasy is a simple home and at its base lays a car, happy smiling people united by held hands. It is a wealthy area which is clean, unpolluted and uncrowded. This description is juxtapose by the reality which is a poor, dirty, polluted, crowded looking area. The people in the fantasy holding hands are a representation of family, happiness, familiarity, safety and acceptance. interestingly in reality there is just the girl and her mother without a father figure present.However, sketched in the childs fantasy world there is a family a mother, a father and a daughter who are united by held hands. This representation of belonging in the fantasy contrasts the reality as in the reality there is a large distance between mother and daughter where the mum and she are separated. This is shown by the tilt of the mums head away from the girl. The transition between childhood and adulthood often leads to a di stancing between parents and their children. In the poem Feliks Skrzynecki this idea is evident as like a dumb prophet watched me pegging y tents further in the south of Hadrians Wall. The simile, like a dumb prophet and the metaphor further south of Hadrians Wall emphasises the gap between Skrzynecki and his father because of different life experiences. Feliks is both dumb and revelatory as he portrays a certain lack of knowledge of the English language whereas Skrzyneckis English grows and Feliks is powerless to speak up about his sons movement away from him. He is prophetic as he can foresee that his son will come to value his heritage in later years at the expense of his gap from it in youth.The image Home is like a story. Firstly, you look through the vector into the girls fantasy then your eyes are drawn towards the mother who is clearly at peace with her culture and third world. She has accepted her life, unlike her young daughter who is metaphorically represented reachin g up for more(prenominal) than what she has. Then your eyes are drawn to the bottom of the picture where both the mum and daughter are being supported by their third world structure. This is a metaphor as they need their country this is their Home. They are citizens of the soil.

Social Protest Essay

The kid was taller and more built, Michael could stir easy punched the officer one time and that one time could redeem sent the officer flying. Tamari was a 12 year old boy who was shot in a span of 1 HTH 0 2 seconds by a police officer. The reason? Tamari was complained by a fellow neighbor Of him owning a stroke gun. A pellet gun is non harmful and can be purchased for 20 dollars. All of the SE be different stories of how young coloured guys were shot and killed, but yet all tie up into on e big thing. They were treated inequitablely and racial compose was probably used.Racial profiling is a main problem in atomic number 25 because it contravenes the 14 the amendment, distracts virtue enforcement, and it prevents communities from w irking with the rightfulness enforcement. This problem could be single-minded if the police force can recruit be utter police officers who are easily taught about racial identity. All 2 My primary reason on wherefore racial profiling is a main problem in Minnesota is that t contravenes the 14th amendment. The 14th amendment was ratified in July 9, 1868 , and it states that no state may deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal egis o the laws. Racial profiling means a standard of unequal protection. Blacks and even LATA nos are near likely to be searched by police officers and are less likely to be treated as libidinal g citizens, but this is opposite for the whites. Blacks are treated unfairly for no apparent reason. This is unfair for Blacks and Latino because this problem causes internal segregation between n them and the police officers. My second reason on why racial profiling is a main problem in Minnesota is the at it distracts law enforcement. The law enforcement are generally seen as responseSiebel people who protect citizens from criminals, but what I have find in the past few years I n the current society is that police officers are be charged of racial profiling due to their today police t rim. If the police officers have too small-army an(prenominal) law enforcement interaction ins with minorities, it shows that the police officers are non going where the crime is, but because they are racist. What I mean when I say too many is that officers keep arresting people with color for small piddling things. Blacks are being harassed for no apparent reason. Ay that the police force are racist because they dont reckon before they do.P Alice officers judge minorities who are usually Africanizing. Mr.. Chris referring to a story that love once told him said, Rage was walking down the street with his broth err one day when a police officer told them why are you walking down the street? This was very r assist of the police officer because first of all he kept harassing them. The police officer jumped I not conclusions and thought they were just kids that were up to no good. He didnt even realize e that up ahead All 3 on that point mom was on the same street. She was a b it faster than her own sons w ho were being slow. Knot know why the police officer had a problem with this. Do they not have s errors crime work to do? In their spare time why cant they stop doing ill-considered things? Did the pool ice officer not realize it was broad daylight? The sad part of this was that Rage and his broth her were heading to their uncles funeral and they had to come across a foolish police. My third and final reason on why racial profiling is a main problem in Imines tot is that it prevents communities from working with law enforcement. If a specific race is arrested instantly, then communities may not work with police officers.Why should t hey work with police officers if even the police officers themselves are the one who are judge Eng them? An example of this is the incident that happened in North Minneapolis last Mont h. A young bootleg resident of North Minneapolis was out and about in his community and was k knocking on doors to encourage his fellow nei ghbors to vote for this years election. The young bal ace man did this because he didnt have the opportunity to vote because of his past criminal AC divinities, but the young black man was changing for the better. Mayor Hodges and the young b lack man took a selfish in concert of them pointing at each other.A TV report misguided the info urination and blurred the black mans submit and this he was wearing. The police officers we re angry at Hodges because apparently she was flashing a North gang sign. This shows t hat the police officers and the TV reporters were racial profiling because they were racist. The eye jumped into conclusions and didnt see what good the young black man was doing for his community. So in conclusion, racial profiling is a main problem in Minnesota because it co intervenes he 14th amendment, distracts law enforcement, and it prevents communities s from working with the law enforcement.The problem could be resolved if the the police officers are taught that A lai racial profiling is wrong. Police officers should have a sense that they are not n control. They cant overpass the law. When a police officer is being recruited he should have lessons taught to him. In both 3 months the officer is inspected on his performance. Also police e officers should first see what the problem is and not just conclude things. To stop all deaths police officers must wear cameras on them. The cameras must be on all time, so that if a black GU y is shot we can have evidence on what happened.

Culture and God’s Words Essay

The Bible has long been teaching deal about the quantify and immensity of life. For thousands of years, the Bible has been solid in its advocacy on doing what is best for the life of humanity and all other(a) living creatures in the world. However, while human beings innovated new slipway of life and new ways of doing things, finishings was born, and often, these cultures are not in complimentary to Gods words as written in the Bible. With the advent of industrialization, scientific duration and the world wide connections and globalization, people tend to acquire not just ways of doing things easier but also of making life easier to destroy.People forgot the original message of God and went on doing things that fall life in all its forms. According to Toynbee and Ikeda (2008), the 20th century has been a very devastating era in human history. This is because of the galore(postnominal) untold miseries that humans have confronted for adhering to culture to the extreme. Take for example the culture of globalization that is now a worldwide phenomenon. globalization according to Gunton (2004) is simply the opening of barriers to information, market, labor and the like. Globalization gave people the power to have a global village, enabling different countries to connect freely with each other.Despite the benefit of this culture of nakedness, globalization has also brought so much sufferings especially to the poor people who were the subject for labor violations, discrimination and all forms of violence that are forbidden in the Bible. The culture of openness and limitless access brought about by globalization has also created a threat to human aegis as seen in the September 11 incident in the United States of America. This case according to Corson and Pearcey (2004) negates the splendour of life as emphasized in the Bible.Technological advances in the other hand, also served as a catalyst for a much wider scale of destruction. Culture and Gods words ofte ntimes do not match, but it is up to human beings to make a balance on their commitment to value life while at the same time adhere to culture. References Colson, C. and Pearcey, N. (2004). How now shall we live. New York. Tyndale House Publishers. Gunton, C. (2004). The one, the three, and the many God, creation, and the culture of modernity. United Kingdom Cambridge University Press. Toynbee, A. and Ikeda, D. (2008). Choose Life A dialogue. New York I. B. Tauris and Co. Ltd.

“Hero of Our Time” by Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn and “One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich” by Mikhail Lermontov Essay

The ii novels milling machinery of Our snip written by Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn and bingle Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich written by Mikhail Lermontov will be comp bed for this World books Assignment (Comparative Study). The of import fibers of these 2 novels will be comp atomic number 18d and distinguished. In Hero of Our sequence the main character is Grigory Alexandrovich Pechorin and the main character in ace Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich is Ivan Denisovich (Shukhov).The novel Hero of Our Time is composed of five short stories and is roughly the adventures of the main character Pechorin. There are three main narrators in this novel, who are, the travel writer, Pechorin and Maxim Maximych. Lermontov has used three narrators so the ratifiers can see three different perspectives making the reviewer see different views of the characters in the book. The reader in addition learns that the five short stories are not in chronological order. This makes it some what c onfusing for the reader but at the same term gets the reader really interested in the book. The story is well-nigh how Pechorin is struggling in the society he is lifetime in and also at the same time struggling with himself. We find out his truthful feelings and thoughts in his journal where the reader feels sympathy for him. Pechorin to other characters in the book is never honest and sometimes is not in control of his emotions and actions. The aim of the author is to image the readers if Pechorin really is the hero of his time or not. This is precise ironic since the lack of morality suggests that he is not a traditional hero.The novel One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich is a description of one of Shukhovs days in a labour camp where he has been sentenced for ten years. We learn how prison house house house put forward life is harsh and tough. In the elbow grease camp it is all about surviving, comradery (between the Prisoners) and corruption. The reader learns that th e only free time Prisoners view is during their meals. The prison life has forced some people to change. An example of this is where one of the prisoners, Fetiukov, has become the type of man who would skid potatoes out of another mans soup. The style of the novel is understated and straightforward. Solzhenitsyn has written this book very descriptively. Everything has been described accurately so the reader can imagine and visualize the surroundings. An example of this is when Shukhov is describing the mess hallwayThe mess-hall seemed as usual, with clouds of vapour curling in through the door and men sitting berm to shoulder like seeds in a sunflower1This novel is written in the 3rd somebody form but we see through Shukhovs eyes. We get to know him as a counterbalance somebody so we get a broad perspective of him and also others, how they figure at Shukhov. We show delight in to Shukhov since he is surviving the cold harsh conditions.The cold stung. A murky fog cloaked its elf round Shukhov and made him cough painfullyIn the labour camp the authority treats the prisoners like animals where Shukhov treats them as comrades. Shukhovs one day in the labour camp is representing the lives of millions of people who were sent to labor camps during Stalins regime.If we look at Pechorins characteristics we learn that he has the characteristics of a Byronic Hero. This can be said by looking at his behaviour, he is sulky, creates the sense of mystery, is isolated from the society and also rebels against social niceties of the time. A Hero of Our Time involves women. Pechorin is scared to get in love or make any kind of committal with any women since a fortune teller once told his mother that he would die when he gets married. Pechorin thinks about this and tries to avoid it, thus he makes excuses for not making any commitments with women. The reader gets the feeling that he is irrational, although its clean-cut that he has an ambivalent character. Pechorin is a person who contradicts himself. He sets out to do something and at the wipeout does the total opposite of it. This shows that he can be misleading.I lied, but I wanted to decoy him. I was born with a passion for contradiction. My whole life has been nothing but a series of dismal, unsuccessful attempts to go against heart or reasonPechorin can be described as a womanizer since he likes to play against womens emotions and use them so they can benefit him and fulfill his individualised desires. He gets this satisfaction when he uses women, making him feel like a hero. The reader also learns that he is a character who cant even be honest to himself. This is not eer the case, for example when he writes in his journal he invariably tries to be honest. Pechorin is very self-analytical because he analyzes motives so we can see things from his perspective.Ive always hated entertaining, but now every day my house is full of guests, dining, supping, gambling.Pechorin makes the reader al so assumes that his mental break down will be from women.Now if we look at the characteristics of Shukhov, we learn that Shukhov is a prisoner of war in a labor camp. Life is very hard, just one day of his life shows so much about the living standards he is living in. Shukhov is a disciplined person and has not lost his civilized behaviour, like for example he would always take his cap off while eating even when its freezing. Similarly Pechorin also has felicitate but his pride is his self-respect and his arrogance, mostly superficial things. The low living standards have made Shukhov wassail little things for example building a wall, smuggling a piece of hacksaw blade so he can make a knife out of it. The most important characteristic about him is that he is a very honest man especially to his comrades. He gives them respect and realizes like him he should not be here. The strong bond between his friends makes him want to live on. Comradeship is essential because without comrades hip in the labor camp, surviving would be really difficult. Shukhovs pride and dignity has been taken forth from him and he only thinks of surviving this labor camp. In the labor camp his better days are when he gets extra food and has not ended up in the lock-up. He sometimes thinks overbearing and thinks about the future that there is still some hope. He hopes to meet his family which is waiting for him.If we compare the two characters we see that Shukhov has a much stronger bond with his comrades/friends than Pechorin has with his friends. Shukhov has to have friends in order to pull round in the prison because if he doesnt he would be even more mentally broken down. The bond of knowledge makes him live on in that dreadful prison. It can also be said that Shukhov is a person who we can respect and who also shows respect to others.There is also a resemblance between the two characters which is that they were/are both soldiers. This means that they have both encountered war an d seen the dreadful sides of it. Another important similarity between them is that they are both shaped by society and the time that they live in. Although Shukhov is in prison and Pechorin isnt the reader feels that Shukhov still has more emancipation. This is because Shukhov is a person who wont hurt anyone and respect everyone. In return he is also trusted and no one has ever hurt him before. The reader feels that Shukhov has inner peace and that he is a kind of freedom. On the other hand Pechorin does not have that inner peace which Shukhov has this is because he is a selfish person thinking only of his desires. Since Shukhov is in prison he has the freedom of his political ideas and these cannot be punished since he is already in prison. This again shows how Shukhov has the freedom to do this but Pechorin doesnt.It can be concluded that Shukhov has a stronger character than Pechorin. This is because Shukhov is in general a pleasant person who respects everyone. He is a civiliz ed man and always thinks how he could survive the rest of the years so he can go back to his family. Pechorin is quite opposite to Shukhov, he has a weak character. This is because he is not trustworthy even at times not to himself because he contradicts him self a lot. It can be felt that Shukhov is the greater hero of his time since he makes the reader sympathise for him without creating sympathy. But Pechorin wants the readers to sympathise for him by explaining his feelings, emotions and actions all the time.BibliographyBooks1) Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn (2000) One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich, Penguin Classics England2) Mikhail Lermontov (2001) A Hero of Our Time, Penguin Classics England1 One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich, Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn, Penguin Classics Edition (2000), England, page 1182 One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich, Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn, Penguin Classics Edition (2000), England, page 233 A Hero of Our Time, Mikhail Lermontov, Penguin Classics (200 1), England, page 774 A Hero of Our Time, Mikhail Lermontov, Penguin Classics (2001), England, page 84

Action Inquiry

The remunerate for teacher in Ohio testament have a partial consideration based on how their students scored on their tests. The conciliate consideration was the result of legislation signed by Republi hindquarters Gov. John Kasich. Modifications can lock be made prior to this law going into effect. The current protocol for teachers deport requires that Ohio public enlighten territorys give each teacher an rating and grade prior to beginning the 2013-14 school year. Fifty share of the grade the teacher receives depart base on students test scores.There are mixed emotions in regards to virtue recompense in the Chesapeake School order especially those that are new to the district or unsloped graduated from college. The districts goal for implementation of deservingness suffer is that it gives some other(a)s the opportunity to learn from their colleagues. The other downfall of virtue pay is that teachers will be penalized if they fail to meet the goals of deserve pay a nd this could be cumbersome for those just embarking on a new learn career. The positive aspect of merit pay is that it rewards teachers for their performance and it bequeaths job security for keeping their student scores high in their classrooms.Motivation is in addition a key aspect to merit pay, because several teachers in the district bump this is a better evaluation on their performance versus the traditional evaluations they have had in the past. Recruitment has as well as plagued the district and merit pay can be an alluring factor to qualified teachers looking to move into the district. Retention of qualified teachers has also presented issues with the district so the inducing of a bonus entices many teachers to remain in their positions.The profession of teaching has had the black cloud over its head due to the low salary that many of our teachers face in the public school systems merit pay can entice many college students to choose the teaching profession. why is mer it pay such a controversial issues for teachers and teachers unions? When the President got bear on in the issue of teachers merit pay, it created even more hype about merit pay. Those that oppose merit pay feel that there is very little evidence that merit pay will improve a teachers classroom performance. (Steiny, J 2009). There is a federal fund that is set up to attract qualified teachers.It is a six hundred million dollar fund that is set up to attract good teachers to good schools. What questions should be asked prior to implementing? How can school administration implement merit pay to declare oneself a positive impact to the Chesapeake School district? What will be the criteria to earning the incentive of merit pay? How will the school evaluate the efficaciousness of merit pay? The school district feels that merit pay will make teachers accoun carry over for their progress with students by having merit pay as a source of evaluation that could either adversely affect their pay.Merit pay in regards to evaluation can weed out bad teachers that plagued our school district. The positive impact it could have on the district is that merit pay will attract high performing teachers to seek positions in a school district that has subjects that could use qualified teachers to bring their test scores up in the district. What research can be utilized to measure the effect merit pay has on the school district? There will be several methods used for evaluation of merit pay. Surveys for teachers, students and parents, principal reports and observations will provide a qualitative date resource for the district.The design of the research is for experimental purposes and once the research is reviewed, a decision will be made as to implementing the merit pay system into the district. There will be further research conducted after the school begins the merit pay system to check for satisfaction and teacher performance. It also should reflect the economic impact it had on the school districts budget. The after effects of merit pay could benefit from have committees formed by the school board and school administration. The Chesapeake School soil utilizes emails and texts to inform parents of important meeting and dates that involve the school.These emails and texts also involve the teaching mental faculty. A meeting could be held that involved forming groups or committees to study the impact the merit pay system is having on the school district. This would provide a checks and balance system. The committees would consist of teachers and parents. The committee will conduct their own research via surveys from parents, students and teachers within the district. The other committee would consist of principals and other school administration. The goal of the groups is to conduct their own research and to meet to plow any issues that face the newly implanted system.Each committee can bring valuable research to the table in order to make effective cha nges that could make the system that would be fair to all that is involved and bring a sense of security to the district. I had heard various opinions on merit pay from many of the teachers at Chesapeake and for the most part many are comfortable with the system. I believe that it could provide a positive impact to the school and provide better retention rates for the school. It also is an effective method of revealing what teachers are ineffective in the classroom, that could either learn from other teacher or relieving those teachers from their duties.Chesapeake district for the most part employ qualified teachers but at times have demonstrate themselves in difficult situations in recruiting teachers for subject areas, particularly in special education, math and science. I feel that the merit system will attract highly qualified teachers to fill these positions and retain them. Rural area schools are many times plagued with poor test scores due to the lack of qualified teachers i n the school system and having a merit system in place could employ a staff of teachers that could educate these students and for the district to see a rise in their standardized test scores